Centre for Evaluation and Information on Pharmacodependence, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Nantes University Hospital, France.
INSERM U1246 SPHERE "methodS in Patient-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch", Nantes and Tours University, Nantes, France.
PLoS One. 2019 Dec 4;14(12):e0225189. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225189. eCollection 2019.
Few studies have examined the consumption trajectories of inmates after entry to prison. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in the consumption of psychoactive substance between the period before detention and during incarceration and to characterize the profiles of prisoners with similar consumption trajectories during incarceration.
A multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed in all of the prisons from one region of France. All prisoners incarcerated during their 3rd months, over 18 years old, and with a sufficient level of French fluency to participate in the study were recruited over a period of 12 months. A total of 800 prisoners were recruited. All prisoners were interviewed face-to-face by a trained interviewer. A majority of prisoners had used at least one psychoactive substance in the weeks prior to incarceration. During incarceration, a substantial reduction in alcohol and illicit drug consumption was observed. The initiation of consumption and an increase in consumption were primarily related to medications. Five different profiles of consumption before incarceration were identified. These profiles all had a high probability of migrating to a similar profile during detention, characterized by less severe consumption of psychoactive substances.
Based on their consumption profile prior to incarceration, most prisoners would benefit from a specific medical evaluation as soon as possible following entry into detention. Prison could be an opportunity for reduced consumption and/or the initiation of treatment for the majority of prisoners, despite the pejorative development observed for a minority of prisoners during incarceration.
鲜有研究关注囚犯入狱后的物质使用轨迹变化。本研究旨在评估在被拘留前和监禁期间，囚犯使用精神活性物质的变化情况，并描述在监禁期间具有相似物质使用轨迹的囚犯特征。
在法国一个地区的所有监狱中进行了一项多中心、横断面研究。在 12 个月的时间内，招募了所有在第 3 个月被监禁、年龄在 18 岁以上且有足够法语水平参加研究的囚犯。共招募了 800 名囚犯。所有囚犯均由经过培训的访谈员进行面对面访谈。大多数囚犯在入狱前的几周内至少使用过一种精神活性物质。在监禁期间，观察到酒精和非法药物的消耗大量减少。使用的开始和使用量的增加主要与药物有关。在入狱前确定了五种不同的物质使用情况。这些情况都极有可能在被拘留期间迁移到类似的情况，表现为精神活性物质的使用程度较低。
根据他们入狱前的物质使用情况，大多数囚犯在入狱后应尽快进行特定的医疗评估。尽管在监禁期间观察到少数囚犯的情况恶化，但对大多数囚犯来说，监禁可能是减少消费和/或开始治疗的机会。
