Departamento de Mejora Genética Vegetal, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
Nutrients. 2019 Dec 3;11(12):2933. doi: 10.3390/nu11122933.
Wheat gluten proteins are responsible for the bread-making properties of the dough but also for triggering important gastrointestinal disorders. Celiac disease (CD) affects approximately 1% of the population in Western countries. The only treatment available is the strict avoidance of gluten in the diet. Interference RNA (RNAi) is an excellent approach for the down-regulation of genes coding for immunogenic proteins related to celiac disease, providing an alternative for the development of cereals suitable for CD patients. In the present work, we report a comparative study of the stimulatory capacity of seven low-gluten RNAi lines differing in grain gluten and non-gluten protein composition, relevant for CD and other gluten pathologies. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 35 patients with active CD were included in this study to assess the stimulatory response induced by protein extracts from the RNAi lines. Analysis of the proliferative response and interferon-gamma (INF-γ) release of PBMCs demonstrated impaired stimulation in response to all RNAi lines. The lower response was provided by lines with a very low content of α- and γ-gliadins, and low or almost devoid of DQ2.5 and p31-43 α-gliadin epitopes. The non-gluten protein seems not to play a key role in PBMC stimulation.
小麦醇溶蛋白不仅是面团具有烘焙性质的原因，也是引发重要胃肠道疾病的原因。乳糜泻（CD）影响西方国家约 1%的人口。目前唯一可用的治疗方法是严格避免饮食中的麸质。干扰 RNA（RNAi）是下调与乳糜泻相关的免疫原性蛋白编码基因的绝佳方法，为开发适合 CD 患者的谷物提供了一种替代方法。在本工作中，我们报告了对七种低麸质 RNAi 系的比较研究，这些系在谷物麸质和非麸质蛋白组成方面存在差异，与 CD 和其他麸质病理学有关。纳入了 35 名活动性 CD 患者的外周血单核细胞（PBMC）来评估这些 RNAi 系的蛋白提取物诱导的刺激反应。对 PBMC 的增殖反应和干扰素-γ（INF-γ）释放的分析表明，所有 RNAi 系的刺激反应均受损。对 α-和 γ-醇溶蛋白含量非常低、缺乏或几乎缺乏 DQ2.5 和 p31-43 α-醇溶蛋白表位的系反应性最低。非麸质蛋白似乎在 PBMC 刺激中不起关键作用。
