在半干旱气候下，造林与次生演替对土壤性质的影响。
Implications of afforestation vs. secondary succession for soil properties under a semiarid climate.
机构信息
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, C/Severo Ochoa, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Area of Agriculture and Environment, Institute of Agricultural Research and Training of Andalusia (IFAPA), Government of Andalusia. Camino de Purchil s/n, 18004 Granada, Spain.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Feb 20;704:135393. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135393. Epub 2019 Nov 23.
Afforestation or secondary succession after cropland abandonment are different strategies to restore soil ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling, soil conservation, and carbon sequestration. However, the studies on the effects on soil-property dynamics after land-use changes are limited in semiarid regions. In this context, an experimental area with a semiarid climate allowed the assessment and comparison of physicochemical soil properties (soil organic C [SOC], soil total N [TN], available P [AP], available K [AK], cation-exchange capacity [CEC], bulk density [BD], pH, available water-holding capacity [AWHC], and C:N ratio) after Pinus halepensis afforestation and secondary succession following agriculture abandonment in 1994. The impact of 12 soil-preparation treatments for planting on soil properties was also evaluated. For this, soil samples (0-10 cm deep) from the afforestation were taken in 1998, 2002, 2007, 2010, 2013, and 2016, and from abandoned cropland in 2010, 2013, and 2016. In afforestation, soil-preparation treatments did not alter differentially the soil properties after 22 years. Significant differences among years were found in SOC, TN, AP, AK, CEC, pH, and C:N. BD changes were detected neither in afforestation nor in abandoned cropland. After 22 years, only SOC, AK and the C:N ratio proved significantly higher in afforestation than in abandoned cropland. In general, soil properties improvement (i.e. SOC, TN, AP, AK, and CEC) was slow after afforestation and abandoned cropland likely due to the legacy of the previous land use (cereal crops) and the semiarid climate influence.
造林或耕地废弃后的次生演替是恢复土壤生态系统服务功能（如养分循环、土壤保持和碳固存）的不同策略。然而，在半干旱地区，关于土地利用变化后土壤性质动态变化的研究有限。在这种情况下，一个具有半干旱气候的实验区允许评估和比较造林后和 1994 年耕地废弃后的次生演替的土壤理化性质（土壤有机碳[SOC]、土壤全氮[TN]、有效磷[AP]、有效钾[AK]、阳离子交换量[CEC]、土壤容重[BD]、pH 值、有效水分保持能力[AWHC]和 C:N 比）。还评估了 12 种种植前土壤准备处理对土壤性质的影响。为此，在 1998 年、2002 年、2007 年、2010 年、2013 年和 2016 年对造林地采集了土壤样本（0-10 cm 深），并在 2010 年、2013 年和 2016 年对废弃耕地采集了土壤样本。在造林过程中，22 年后土壤准备处理并没有使土壤性质产生显著差异。在 SOC、TN、AP、AK、CEC、pH 和 C:N 方面，发现了不同年份之间的显著差异。在造林和废弃耕地中均未检测到 BD 变化。在 22 年后，SOC、AK 和 C:N 比值仅在造林地显著高于废弃耕地。总的来说，造林和废弃耕地的土壤性质改善（即 SOC、TN、AP、AK 和 CEC）较为缓慢，这可能是由于前一种土地利用（谷物作物）和半干旱气候的影响所致。
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