From the Departments of Neuroradiology (J.C.B., F.D., T.P., J.G., V.M.S., J.L.)
From the Departments of Neuroradiology (J.C.B., F.D., T.P., J.G., V.M.S., J.L.).
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020 Feb;41(2):192-199. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A6356. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
The round window serves to decompress acoustic energy that enters the cochlea via stapes movement against the oval window. Any inward motion of the oval window via stapes vibration leads to outward motion of the round window. Occlusion of the round window is a cause of conductive hearing loss because it increases the resistance to sound energy and consequently dampens energy propagation. Because the round window niche is not adequately evaluated by otoscopy and may be incompletely exposed during an operation, otologic surgeons may not always correctly identify associated pathology. Thus, radiologists play an essential role in the identification and classification of diseases affecting the round window. The purpose of this review is to highlight the developmental, acquired, neoplastic, and iatrogenic range of pathologies that can be encountered in round window dysfunction.
圆窗的作用是对经由镫骨运动传入耳蜗的声能进行减压。镫骨振动引起的卵圆窗向内运动导致圆窗向外运动。圆窗的闭塞是传导性听力损失的一个原因，因为它增加了声能的阻力，从而减弱了能量的传播。由于耳镜检查不能充分评估圆窗窗龛，并且在手术过程中可能无法完全暴露，因此耳科医生并不总是能够正确识别相关的病理学。因此，放射科医生在识别和分类影响圆窗功能的疾病方面发挥着重要作用。本综述的目的是强调可在圆窗功能障碍中遇到的发育性、获得性、肿瘤性和医源性病变的范围。
