Research Centre for Bioresource and Biotechnology, Bogor Agriculture Universit, Kampus Dramaga, Bogor, 16000, Indonesia.
PT Performa Qualita Mandiri, Bogor, Indonesia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Feb;27(4):4460-4467. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-07097-4. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
Oil extraction is one of the causes of soil contamination with the total petroleum hydrocarbons. The objective of this study was to clarify the effect of Asteraceae plants on the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon in contaminated soil. Initial soils with 40 and 90 g kg of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) were prepared. There were three treatments: (1) no addition, (2) addition of FeCl and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) solution, and (3) addition of FeCl + NTA and the cultivation of nine Asteraceae plants. The concentration of TPH was measured using infrared spectrophotometer, 2 and 3 months after transplanting (MAT). Shoot and root dry weights were measured 3 MAT. The concentration of TPH in soil cultivated with Cosmos caudatus was lower than that of the initial soil (40 g kg TPH), 2 MAT. The concentrations of TPH in soils cultivated with Calendula officinalis, Callistephus chinensis, C. caudatus, and Tagetes sp. were also lower than that in the initial soil, 3 MAT. The concentrations of TPH in soils cultivated with Achillea filipendulina, Anthemis tinctoria, Tagetes erecta, Chrysanthemum coronarium, C. officinalis, C. chinensis, and C. caudatus were lower than that in the initial soil (90 g kg TPH), 2 MAT. The concentrations of TPH in soils cultivated with T. erecta, A. tinctoria, Zinnia elegans, C. chinensis, C. caudatus, and Tagetes sp. were lower than that in the initial soil, 3 MAT. A. filipendulina and C. coronarium died at both 40 and 90 kg TPH soils. These results suggest that the roots of Asteraceae plants degrade petroleum hydrocarbon in contaminated soil and C. chinensis and Z. elegans are more suitable for using TPH remediation. Plant survival and extensive root system are important factors for the remediation of TPH in contaminated soil.
石油开采是造成土壤中总石油烃污染的原因之一。本研究旨在阐明菊科植物对受污染土壤中石油烃降解的影响。初始土壤中总石油烃（TPH）含量分别为 40 和 90 g kg。有三种处理方法：（1）不添加，（2）添加 FeCl 和氮三乙酸（NTA）溶液，（3）添加 FeCl+NTA 和栽培 9 种菊科植物。用红外分光光度计测量 TPH 浓度，移栽后 2 和 3 个月（MAT）。3 MAT 时测量茎叶和根的干重。移栽 2 MAT 后，孔雀草（Cosmos caudatus）栽培土壤中的 TPH 浓度低于初始土壤（40 g kg TPH）。移栽 3 MAT 后，金盏花（Calendula officinalis）、翠菊（Callistephus chinensis）、孔雀草（C. caudatus）和万寿菊（Tagetes sp.）栽培土壤中的 TPH 浓度也低于初始土壤。移栽 2 MAT 后，小白菊（Achillea filipendulina）、染甘菊（Anthemis tinctoria）、孔雀草（Tagetes erecta）、黄秋英（Chrysanthemum coronarium）、金盏花（C. officinalis）、翠菊（C. chinensis）和孔雀草（C. caudatus）栽培土壤中的 TPH 浓度均低于初始土壤（90 g kg TPH）。移栽 3 MAT 后，万寿菊（T. erecta）、染甘菊（A. tinctoria）、百日草（Zinnia elegans）、翠菊（C. chinensis）、孔雀草（C. caudatus）和万寿菊（Tagetes sp.）栽培土壤中的 TPH 浓度均低于初始土壤。小白菊（A. filipendulina）和黄秋英（C. coronarium）在 40 和 90 kg TPH 土壤中均死亡。这些结果表明，菊科植物的根系可降解污染土壤中的石油烃，万寿菊和百日草更适合用于修复 TPH。植物存活和广泛的根系是修复污染土壤中 TPH 的重要因素。
