Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Romania.
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Romania.
Food Chem. 2020 Apr 25;310:125927. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125927. Epub 2019 Dec 3.
Two filamentous fungi (Actinomucor elegans and Umbelopsis isabellina), were tested for their ability to enrich white grape pomace simultaneously with both γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and carotenoids through solid-state fermentation (SSF) processes. U. isabellina presented higher ability to produce GLA-rich lipids (composed mainly of neutral fractions) than A. elegans (the 6-th day of SSF: 378.85 mg/100 g of pomace -U. isabellina and 193.36 mg/100 g of pomace- A. elegans). The amounts of β-carotene and lutein for both SSFs gradually increased until the end of the fermentation processes. The effect of fermentation time on the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of grape pomace was also studied. The SSF with A. elegans increased significantly total phenolic and flavonoid contents and DPPH scavenging activity of grape popmace. These bioprocessed grape pomaces with significant amounts of carotenoids and GLA-rich lipids (>94% nutritionally-valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids at the sn-2 position) could be very attractive for food industry.
两种丝状真菌（Actinomucor elegans 和 Umbelopsis isabellina）被测试了通过固态发酵（SSF）过程同时富集白葡萄渣中 γ-亚麻酸（GLA）和类胡萝卜素的能力。U. isabellina 比 A. elegans 具有更高的生产富含 GLA 的脂质（主要由中性部分组成）的能力（第 6 天 SSF：378.85mg/100g 渣 - U. isabellina 和 193.36mg/100g 渣 - A. elegans）。两种 SSF 中的β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素的含量逐渐增加，直到发酵过程结束。还研究了发酵时间对葡萄渣酚含量和抗氧化活性的影响。用 A. elegans 进行的 SSF 显著增加了葡萄渣的总酚和类黄酮含量以及 DPPH 清除活性。这些富含类胡萝卜素和富含 GLA 的脂质（sn-2 位置含有超过 94%有营养价值的多不饱和脂肪酸）的生物加工葡萄渣可能对食品工业非常有吸引力。
