Rayner T S M, Griffin M J, Schneider N, Motte F, Kӧnyves V, André P, Di Francesco J, Didelon P, Pattle K, Ward-Thompson D, Anderson L D, Benedettini M, Bernard J-P, Bontemps S, Elia D, Fuente A, Hennemann M, Hill T, Kirk J, Marsh K, Men'shchikov A, Nguyen Luong Q, Peretto N, Pezzuto S, Rivera-Ingraham A, Roy A, Rygl K, Sánchez-Monge Á, Spinoglio L, Tigé J, Treviño-Morales S P, White G J
Cardiff School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Queen's Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff, Wales, CF24 3AA, UK.
I. Physik. Institut, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
Astron Astrophys. 2017 Oct 31;607. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201630039.
We present far-infrared observations of Monoceros R2 (a giant molecular cloud at approximately 830 pc distance, containing several sites of active star formation), as observed at 70 m, 160 m, 250 m, 350 m, and 500 m by the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) and Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) instruments on the Space Observatory as part of the imaging survey of OB young stellar objects (HOBYS) Key programme. The data are complemented by SCUBA-2 data in the submillimetre range, and WISE and data in the mid-infrared. In addition, CO data from the IRAM 30-m Telescope are presented, and used for kinematic information. Sources were extracted from the maps with , and from the fluxes measured, spectral energy distributions were constructed, allowing measurements of source mass and dust temperature. Of 177 sources robustly detected in the region (a detection with high signal-to-noise and low axis ratio at multiple wavelengths), including protostars and starless cores, 29 are found in a filamentary hub at the centre of the region (a little over 1% of the observed area). These objects are on average smaller, more massive, and more luminous than those in the surrounding regions (which together suggest that they are at a later stage of evolution), a result that cannot be explained entirely by selection effects. These results suggest a picture in which the hub may have begun star formation at a point significantly earlier than the outer regions, possibly forming as a result of feedback from earlier star formation. Furthermore, the hub may be sustaining its star formation by accreting material from the surrounding filaments.
我们展示了麒麟座R2（一个距离约830秒差距的巨分子云，包含多个活跃恒星形成区域）的远红外观测结果，这些观测是由空间天文台的光电探测器阵列相机和光谱仪（PACS）以及光谱和光度成像接收器（SPIRE）仪器在70米、160米、250米、350米和500米波长下进行的，是OB型年轻恒星天体成像调查（HOBYS）关键计划的一部分。数据得到了亚毫米波波段的SCUBA - 2数据以及中红外波段的WISE数据的补充。此外，还展示了来自IRAM 30米望远镜的CO数据，并用于获取运动学信息。从地图中提取源，并根据测量的通量构建光谱能量分布，从而可以测量源的质量和尘埃温度。在该区域稳健检测到的177个源（在多个波长下具有高信噪比和低轴比的检测）中，包括原恒星和无恒星核，有29个位于该区域中心的丝状中心（占观测区域的略多于1%）。这些天体平均比周围区域的天体更小、质量更大且更亮（这共同表明它们处于演化的后期阶段），这一结果不能完全由选择效应来解释。这些结果表明了一种图景，即中心可能比外围区域早得多就开始了恒星形成，可能是早期恒星形成反馈的结果。此外，中心可能通过从周围丝状物质吸积物质来维持其恒星形成。
