Unger Sharon L, Fenton Tanis R, Jetty Radha, Critch Jeff N, O'connor Deborah L
Canadian Paediatric Society, Nutrition and Gastroenterology Committee, Ottawa, Ontario.
Paediatr Child Health. 2019 Dec;24(8):555-556. doi: 10.1093/pch/pxz148. Epub 2019 Dec 9.
Iron is an essential micronutrient required for hemoglobin synthesis, central nervous system development, and protection from infection. Early childhood is a time of vulnerability as iron deficiency in this period is associated with impaired neurodevelopment. Low socioeconomic status, preterm birth, and suboptimal diet are risk factors for iron deficiency. Due to a lack of iron excretory mechanism, the possibility of iron excess also exists. Appropriate iron intake in the first 2 years of life is critical.
铁是血红蛋白合成、中枢神经系统发育以及预防感染所必需的微量营养素。幼儿期是一个易受影响的时期，因为这一时期缺铁与神经发育受损有关。社会经济地位低下、早产和饮食不均衡是缺铁的风险因素。由于缺乏铁排泄机制，铁过量的可能性也存在。生命最初2年摄入适量的铁至关重要。
