Xiong Lei, Ding Xiao-Yan, Fan Ya-Zhi, Xing Yao, Zhang Xiao-Hui, Li Ting, Wang Jian-Ming, Wang Feng
Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an 710082, Shaanxi Province, China.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2019 Dec 18;12(12):1893-1897. doi: 10.18240/ijo.2019.12.12. eCollection 2019.
To develop a novel three-dimensional (3D) electric ophthalmotrope to improve the ophthalmology teaching effectiveness and evaluate the teaching value.
A 3D electric ophthalmotrope was designed by simulating the movement of the ocular and the extraocular muscles according to Sherrington's law. The model with joint bearing was to ensure the flexibility and centripetal rotation of the simulated ball and stepper motor as the driving device. A programmable processor was used to control the motion amplitude of the stepper motor. The size of hole was set at the back of the simulated shell to limit the amount of eye movement. Afterwards, using a 5-point Likert scale, 7 experts evaluated the 3D electric ophthalmotrope's simulation ability and precision, compared with the traditional anatomical model. In addition, the teaching effectiveness of the 3D electric ophthalmotrope was evaluated at in-class quiz and final exam in a randomized controlled trial.
The 3D electric ophthalmotrope could be operated easily to demonstrate the eye movements with motion of different ocular muscles. The experts agreed that the 3D electric ophthalmotrope was different from the traditional model and was easier for students to understand every extraocular muscles' movement in each evaluation index (<0.05). Moreover, the results of teaching effectiveness showed that the 3D electric ophthalmotrope were significantly greater than the traditional model both at in-class quiz (<0.01) and final exam (<0.05).
This novel 3D electric ophthalmotrope is better than the traditional model, which can be to improve the ophthalmology teaching effectiveness for students to understand the extraocular muscles' movement.
研发一种新型三维电动眼肌模型，以提高眼科学教学效果并评估其教学价值。
依据谢灵顿定律模拟眼球及眼外肌运动设计三维电动眼肌模型。带有关节轴承的模型可确保模拟眼球的灵活性和向心旋转，采用步进电机作为驱动装置。使用可编程处理器控制步进电机的运动幅度。在模拟外壳背面设置孔的大小以限制眼球运动幅度。之后，7位专家采用5级李克特量表，将该三维电动眼肌模型与传统解剖模型对比，评估其模拟能力和精度。此外，在一项随机对照试验中，通过课堂测验和期末考试评估三维电动眼肌模型的教学效果。
三维电动眼肌模型操作简便，可展示不同眼外肌运动时的眼球运动。专家们一致认为，三维电动眼肌模型与传统模型不同，在各项评估指标中，学生更容易理解每条眼外肌的运动（P<0.05）。此外，教学效果结果显示，在课堂测验（P<0.01）和期末考试（P<0.05）中，三维电动眼肌模型的效果均显著优于传统模型。
这种新型三维电动眼肌模型优于传统模型，能够提高眼科学教学效果，帮助学生理解眼外肌运动。
