Kaczmarek Sebastian Andrzej, Hejdysz Marcin, Kubiś Marta, Nowaczewski Sebastian, Mikuła Robert, Rutkowski Andrzej
Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Department of Animal Breeding and Animal Product Quality Assessment, University of Life Sciences, Suchy Las, Poland.
Arch Anim Nutr. 2020 Jun;74(3):222-236. doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2019.1688557. Epub 2019 Dec 18.
In this study, the effect of grinding or pelleting of rapeseed on the digestibility, apparent metabolisable energy (AME), growth performance and gizzard weight of broiler chickens was evaluated. In Exp. 1, four treatments were tested (240 broiler chickens, 20 replications, 3 birds per cage). Birds received either a basal diet or were fed with rapeseed of different sized particles (fine, medium and coarse ground, respectively). In Exp. 2, 10 treatments were assessed (360 chickens, 12 replications, 3 birds per cage), where five different diets (a basal diet and four diets with intact rapeseed, fine ground, medium ground or coarse ground rapeseed, respectively) were fed non-pelleted or pelleted. In Exp. 3, two treatments were compared (224 broiler chickens, 14 replications, 8 birds per floor pen): fine ground rapeseed (FG) and intact rapeseed (IS). Compared with medium and coarse ground rapeseed, fine grinding increased in Exp. 1 the AME of rapeseed and the precaecal digestibility (PD) of dry matter and ether extract (EE) ( < 0.05). In Exp. 2, the content of AME and the PD of EE and crude protein (CP) increased as the degree of grinding increased when diets were not pelleted ( < 0.01). In contrast, the significantly highest values for these parameters were measured after pelleting without effect of grinding, resulting in a significant interaction between pelleting and grinding ( < 0.001). In Exp. 3, performance of chickens was not affected by dietary treatments, but gizzard weight and the PD of CP were higher when IS were included in the diet ( < 0.05). The results suggested that fine grinding may be used to increase the feeding value of full-fat rapeseed for broiler chickens. Nevertheless, pelleting of diets with rapeseed seemed to be much more effective in the reduction of particle size than grinding.
在本研究中，评估了油菜籽粉碎或制粒对肉鸡消化率、表观代谢能（AME）、生长性能和肌胃重量的影响。在实验1中，测试了四种处理方式（240只肉鸡，20个重复，每笼3只鸡）。鸡只接受基础日粮或分别饲喂不同粒度的油菜籽（细粉、中粉和粗粉）。在实验2中，评估了10种处理方式（360只鸡，12个重复，每笼3只鸡），其中五种不同日粮（一种基础日粮和四种分别含有完整油菜籽、细粉、中粉或粗粉油菜籽的日粮）以非制粒或制粒形式饲喂。在实验3中，比较了两种处理方式（224只肉鸡，14个重复，每层围栏8只鸡）：细粉油菜籽（FG）和完整油菜籽（IS）。在实验1中，与中粉和粗粉油菜籽相比，细粉碎提高了油菜籽的AME以及干物质和乙醚提取物（EE）的盲肠前段消化率（PD）（P<0.05）。在实验2中，当日粮非制粒时，AME含量以及EE和粗蛋白（CP）的PD随着粉碎程度的增加而增加（P<0.01）。相反，这些参数的显著最高值在制粒后测得，且不受粉碎影响，导致制粒和粉碎之间存在显著交互作用（P<0.001）。在实验3中，鸡只的性能不受日粮处理的影响，但日粮中包含IS时，肌胃重量和CP的PD更高（P<0.05）。结果表明，细粉碎可用于提高全脂油菜籽对肉鸡的饲喂价值。然而对于含油菜籽的日粮，制粒在减小粒度方面似乎比粉碎更有效。
