家庭接触者结核筛查的依从性及其在埃塞俄比亚贡德尔镇卫生机构就诊的结核患者中的相关因素。
House-hold contact tuberculosis screening adherence and associated factors among tuberculosis patients attending at health facilities in Gondar town, northwest, Ethiopia.
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Debre-Tabor Health Science College, Debre-Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Dec 18;19(1):1063. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4695-7.
BACKGROUND
Contacting patients with tuberculosis have a substantial risk of developing the disease. Household contact screening has recently been recommended as a strategy to enhance case detection in high-burden countries. But there is no enough information in Gondar town regarding household contact screening practice among TB patients.
METHODS
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to 30, 2019 on 404 tuberculosis patients attending at health facilities in Gondar Town. Epi-Info version 7 for data entry and SPSS version 20 for data analysis were used. Descriptive statistics were carried out to illustrate the means, standard deviations, and frequencies. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify significantly associated variables with the dependent variable.
RESULTS
From 412 study populations, 404 were completed the study with 98.06% response rate. The overall household contact TB screening adherence was 47.5% (95% CI: 43.1, 52.5). In the multivariable analysis, having certificate and above educational level (AOR = 2.83, 95% CI:1.40,5.67), having sufficient knowledge about TB (AOR = 8.26, 95% CI:4.34,15.71), being satisfied with health care service (AOR = 3.26, 95% CI:1.58,6.76), health education given by health care workers (AOR = 2.60, 95% CI:1.54,4.40),and having HIV/AIDS co-infection (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI:1.70,7.39), were factors associated with household contact TB screening adherence.
CONCLUSION
Compared to other previous studies, the current finding was high but it was low as compared with WHO and Ethiopian Ministry of Health recommendations (all persons having TB contact should be screened). Educational status, knowledge on TB, satisfaction with delivered health care service, health education given by HCWs about TB and HIV/AIDS co-infection were factors associated with household contact TB screening practice. Thus, strengthening household TB contact screening and educational programs regarding the risk of getting TB infection from household contacts is crucial.
背景
与结核病患者接触会有很大的患病风险。最近，家庭接触筛查被推荐作为提高高负担国家病例检出率的一种策略。但是，在贡德尔镇，关于结核患者家庭接触筛查实践的信息还不够充分。
方法
本项在 2019 年 3 月 1 日至 30 日期间，对在贡德尔镇卫生机构就诊的 404 名结核病患者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。使用 Epi-Info 版本 7 进行数据录入，使用 SPSS 版本 20 进行数据分析。采用描述性统计方法来描述均值、标准差和频率。采用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来确定与因变量显著相关的变量。
结果
在 412 名研究人群中，有 404 名完成了研究，应答率为 98.06%。总体家庭接触结核筛查依从率为 47.5%（95%CI：43.1，52.5）。在多变量分析中，具有证书及以上教育水平（AOR=2.83，95%CI：1.40，5.67）、具有足够的结核病知识（AOR=8.26，95%CI：4.34，15.71）、对医疗保健服务满意（AOR=3.26，95%CI：1.58，6.76）、接受卫生工作者的健康教育（AOR=2.60，95%CI：1.54，4.40）和 HIV/AIDS 合并感染（AOR=3.54，95%CI：1.70，7.39）是与家庭接触结核筛查依从性相关的因素。
结论
与其他先前的研究相比，目前的发现率较高，但与世界卫生组织和埃塞俄比亚卫生部的建议（所有结核接触者都应接受筛查）相比，发现率较低。教育程度、结核病知识、对提供的医疗保健服务的满意度、卫生工作者提供的结核病和 HIV/AIDS 合并感染的健康教育以及 HIV/AIDS 合并感染是与家庭接触结核筛查实践相关的因素。因此，加强家庭结核病接触筛查和有关从家庭接触者感染结核病风险的教育计划至关重要。
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