Bao Qiong-Li, Wang Feng-Hua, Bao Wan-Kui, Huang Yi-Zong
Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjing 300191, China.
Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 100101, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2019 Sep 8;40(9):4202-4212. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201901195.
Rice straw (RS) returning has an important effect on CH emission in rice paddy soil. In the present study, two paddy soil types from Jiangxi (JX) and Guangdong (GD), respectively, with different amounts of added RS were incubated through microcosmic anaerobic incubation experiments to investigate the responses of methanogenic archaea and bacteria communities after relatively long-term incubation. The different amounts of added RS affected methanogenic archaea community structures in the JX soil to some extent but did not affect the GD soil. The gene copy number increased with an increase in RS amount in both soils. Under the same amount of RS, the copy number of this gene in the JX soil was greater than that in the GD soil. In addition, significant positive correlations were shown between the RS amount and the copy number of the gene, and the response of the copy number was more sensitive to the RS amount in the JX soil. Obvious differences in methanogenic archaea community structures were shown between two soils. Methanosarcinaceae, Methanocellaceae, Methanomicrobiaceae, Methanobacteriaceae, and unknown microorganism (494 bp) were detected in the JX soil, and Methanobacteriaceae, Methanosarcinaceae, and Methanocellaceae were observed in the GD soil. The bacterial communities exhibited obvious differences between the two soil types after 180 days of incubation. The bacterial diversity in the GD soil was higher than that in the JX soil, although the amounts of dominant bacteria in the JX soil, including , , , Acidobacteria/Gp1, Acidobacteria/Gp3, and , were higher than those of the GD soil, including , Acidobacteria/Gp6, , and . RS application promoted the growth of methanogenic archaea as important substrates. Moreover, different structures of methanogens and bacteria were shown between the two soil types after relatively long-term incubation.
稻草还田对稻田土壤中的CH排放有重要影响。在本研究中，分别采集了来自江西（JX）和广东（GD）的两种稻田土壤，添加不同量的稻草，通过微观厌氧培养实验进行培养，以研究经过相对长期培养后产甲烷古菌和细菌群落的响应。添加不同量的稻草在一定程度上影响了JX土壤中产甲烷古菌的群落结构，但对GD土壤没有影响。两种土壤中该基因的拷贝数均随稻草添加量的增加而增加。在相同稻草添加量下，JX土壤中该基因的拷贝数大于GD土壤。此外，稻草添加量与该基因的拷贝数之间呈现出显著的正相关，并且该基因拷贝数的响应在JX土壤中对稻草添加量更为敏感。两种土壤之间产甲烷古菌的群落结构存在明显差异。在JX土壤中检测到了甲烷八叠球菌科、甲烷微菌科、甲烷杆菌科和未知微生物（494 bp），在GD土壤中观察到了甲烷杆菌科、甲烷八叠球菌科和甲烷微菌科。培养180天后，两种土壤类型之间的细菌群落表现出明显差异。GD土壤中的细菌多样性高于JX土壤，尽管JX土壤中优势细菌的数量，包括 、 、 、酸杆菌/Gp1、酸杆菌/Gp3和 ，高于GD土壤中的优势细菌数量，包括 、酸杆菌/Gp6、 和 。稻草施用作为重要底物促进了产甲烷古菌的生长。此外，经过相对长期培养后，两种土壤类型之间的产甲烷菌和细菌结构不同。
