两种低植酸大豆突变体的定量蛋白质组学分析，以鉴定与田间出苗相关的基因。
Quantitative proteomic analyses of two soybean low phytic acid mutants to identify the genes associated with seed field emergence.
机构信息
Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
出版信息
BMC Plant Biol. 2019 Dec 19;19(1):569. doi: 10.1186/s12870-019-2201-4.
BACKGROUND
Seed germination is essential to crop growth and development, and ultimately affects its harvest. It is difficult to breed soybeans low in phytic acid with a higher seed field emergence. Although additional management and selection could overcome the phytate reduction, the mechanisms of seed germination remain unknown.
RESULTS
A comparative proteomic analysis was conducted between two low phytic acid (LPA) soybean mutants (TW-1-M and TW-1), both of which had a deletion of 2 bp in the GmMIPS1 gene. However, the TW-1 seeds showed a significantly lower field emergence compared to the TW-1-M. There were 282 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) identified between two mutants at the three stages. Among these DAPs, 80 were down-accumulated and 202 were up-accumulated. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the identified proteins were related to functional categories of oxidation reduction, response to stimulus and stress, dormancy and germination processes and catalytic activity. KEGG analysis showed that these DAPs were mainly involved in energy metabolism and anti-stress pathways. Based upon the conjoint analysis of DAPs with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) previously published among three germination stages in two LPA mutants, 30 shared DAPs/DEGs were identified with different patterns, including plant seed protein, beta-amylase, protein disulfide-isomerase, disease resistance protein, pyrophosphate-fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase, cysteine proteinase inhibitor, non-specific lipid-transfer protein, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase.
CONCLUSIONS
Seed germination is a very complex process in LPA soybean mutants. The TW-1-M and TW-1 showed many DAPs involved in seed germination. The differential accumulation of these proteins could result in the difference of seed field emergence between the two mutants. The high germination rate in the TW-1-M might be strongly attributed to reactive oxygen species-related and plant hormone-related genes. All these findings would help us further explore the germination mechanisms in LPA crops.
背景
种子萌发对于作物的生长和发育至关重要，最终会影响其收获。培育低植酸（phytate）和高田间出苗率的大豆较为困难。虽然额外的管理和选择可以克服植酸盐的减少，但种子萌发的机制仍不清楚。
结果
对两个低植酸（LPA）大豆突变体（TW-1-M 和 TW-1）进行了比较蛋白质组学分析，它们的 GmMIPS1 基因都缺失了 2 个碱基。然而，与 TW-1-M 相比，TW-1 的种子田间出苗率显著较低。在三个阶段的两个突变体之间鉴定出 282 个差异积累蛋白（DAP）。其中 80 个下调积累，202 个上调积累。生物信息学分析表明，所鉴定的蛋白质与氧化还原、应激和胁迫反应、休眠和萌发过程以及催化活性等功能类别有关。KEGG 分析表明，这些 DAPs 主要参与能量代谢和抗应激途径。基于对三个萌发阶段的三个 LPA 突变体之间差异表达基因（DEGs）与差异积累蛋白（DAPs）的联合分析，鉴定出 30 个具有不同模式的共有 DAP/DEG，包括植物种子蛋白、β-淀粉酶、蛋白二硫键异构酶、抗病蛋白、焦磷酸果糖 6-磷酸 1-磷酸转移酶、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂、非特异性脂质转移蛋白、磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶和酰基辅酶 A 氧化酶。
结论
LPA 大豆突变体的种子萌发是一个非常复杂的过程。TW-1-M 和 TW-1 显示了许多参与种子萌发的 DAP。这些蛋白质的差异积累可能导致两个突变体之间田间出苗率的差异。TW-1-M 中较高的发芽率可能与活性氧相关和植物激素相关基因密切相关。所有这些发现将有助于我们进一步探索 LPA 作物的萌发机制。
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