Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry (HCICGI), Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2019 Jan 18;19(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s12870-019-1643-z.
Salinity is a major abiotic stressor that affects seed germination, plant growth, and crop production. Seed germination represents the beginning of plant growth and is closely linked with subsequent crop development and ultimate yield formation. This study attempted to extend findings regarding the potential proteomic dynamics during wheat seed germination under salt stress and to explore the mechanism of crop salt response.
Salt stress significantly affected seed physiological activities during the germination process, resulting in significant decreases in phytohormone and α-amylase activity and significant increases in soluble sugar, starch, and ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase activity. A comparative proteomics approach was applied to analyze the dynamic proteome changes of embryo and endosperm during seed germination in Chinese winter wheat cultivar Zhengmai 366 under salt stress. Two-dimensional electrophoresis identified 92 and 61 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) in response to salt stress in embryo and endosperm, respectively. Both organs contained a high proportion of DAPs involved in stress defense, energy metabolism, and protein/amino acid metabolism. The endosperm had more DAPs related to storage proteins and starch metabolism than the embryo, and 2% of DAPs participating in lipid and sterol metabolism were specifically detected in the embryo.
Seed physiological activities were significantly affected during the germination process when subjected to salt stress. The DAPs involved in stress defense and energy metabolism were upregulated whereas those related to reserve substance degradation and protein/amino acid metabolism were significantly downregulated, leading to delayed seed germination under salt stress. Our proteomic results revealed synergistic regulation of the response to salt stress during seed germination.
盐度是影响种子萌发、植物生长和作物产量的主要非生物胁迫因素。种子萌发代表着植物生长的开始，与随后的作物发育和最终产量形成密切相关。本研究试图扩展小麦种子在盐胁迫下萌发过程中潜在蛋白质组动力学的发现，并探索作物盐响应的机制。
盐胁迫显著影响种子在萌发过程中的生理活动，导致植物激素和α-淀粉酶活性显著降低，而可溶性糖、淀粉和 ADP 葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶活性显著升高。采用比较蛋白质组学方法分析了中国冬小麦品种郑麦 366 种子在盐胁迫下胚胎和胚乳在萌发过程中的动态蛋白质组变化。二维电泳在胚胎和胚乳中分别鉴定出 92 个和 61 个对盐胁迫有差异积累的蛋白质（DAP）。两个器官都包含大量与应激防御、能量代谢和蛋白质/氨基酸代谢相关的 DAP。胚乳中与贮藏蛋白和淀粉代谢相关的 DAP 比胚胎多，而胚胎中特异性检测到 2%参与脂质和甾醇代谢的 DAP。
种子在萌发过程中受到盐胁迫时，其生理活动受到显著影响。参与应激防御和能量代谢的 DAP 上调，而与储备物质降解和蛋白质/氨基酸代谢相关的 DAP 则显著下调，导致种子在盐胁迫下萌发延迟。我们的蛋白质组学结果揭示了种子萌发过程中对盐胁迫的协同调节。
