Zamani Aisa, Haghnegahdar Abdolaziz, Vossoughi Mehrdad
Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Front Dent. 2019 May-Jun;16(3):206-213. doi: 10.18502/fid.v16i3.1592. Epub 2019 Jun 29.
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD), as a prevalent condition, has been reported to be related to changes in sleep quality. This study aims to assess the association between TMD severities and sleep quality in a selected Iranian population by the application of the Helkimo index and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire.
This study comprised 50 non-TMD subjects and 150 TMD patients, which were equally selected from each TMD severity category. The study was conducted at the School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. The patients were first examined and categorized into four TMD severity groups according to the Helkimo index: Non-TMD, mild, moderate, and severe. Then, the patients completed the PSQI questionnaire, which was a standard version translated into Persian and adjusted for Iranian patients.
Comparison of mean PSQI scores of the four groups revealed a significant difference (P<0.001). Pairwise comparisons showed that the severe, moderate, and mild TMD groups and the control received the highest to the lowest PSQI scores (12.26±2.35, 8.20±1.92, 6.88±1.89, and 5.28±1.32, respectively). Similarly, regression analysis indicated that by controlling the effect of demographic variables, the mean PSQI significantly increased as TMD severity increased.
According to the results, all three categories of mild, moderate, and severe TMD patients showed poor quality of sleep in comparison with non-TMD controls. The higher the severity of the disease, the lower the sleep quality.
颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）作为一种常见疾病，据报道与睡眠质量变化有关。本研究旨在通过应用赫尔基莫指数和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）问卷，评估特定伊朗人群中TMD严重程度与睡眠质量之间的关联。
本研究包括50名非TMD受试者和150名TMD患者，从每个TMD严重程度类别中平均选取。研究在伊朗设拉子医科大学牙科学院进行。首先根据赫尔基莫指数对患者进行检查并分为四个TMD严重程度组：非TMD、轻度、中度和重度。然后，患者完成PSQI问卷，该问卷是翻译成波斯语并针对伊朗患者进行调整的标准版本。
四组平均PSQI得分的比较显示出显著差异（P<0.001）。两两比较表明，重度、中度和轻度TMD组以及对照组的PSQI得分从高到低依次为（分别为12.26±2.35、8.20±1.92、6.88±1.89和5.28±1.32）。同样，回归分析表明，在控制人口统计学变量的影响后，随着TMD严重程度的增加，平均PSQI显著升高。
根据结果，与非TMD对照组相比，轻度、中度和重度TMD患者这三类患者的睡眠质量均较差。疾病严重程度越高，睡眠质量越低。
