State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , PR China.
Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security , Shanghai 200092 , PR China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2020 Jan 15;68(2):461-470. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05908. Epub 2020 Jan 2.
Contamination of the environment by toxic pesticides has become of great concern in agricultural countries. Chlorpyrifos (CP) is among the pesticides most commonly detected in the environment owing to its wide agricultural applications. The aim of this study was to compare potential changes in the toxicity of CP after irradiation. To this end, photolysis of CP was conducted under simulated sunlight, and neurotoxicity assessment was carried out at CP of 20 and 50 μg L and its corresponding irradiated mixture solutions which contain a mixture of identified intermediates using the nematode, as a model organism. Photodegradation of 20 μg L CP for 1 h produced no obvious reduction of physiological damage, and more serious effects on animal movement were detected after exposure of the animals to a solution of 50 μg L for 1 h irradiation compared with unirradiated solution. GABAergic and cholinergic neurons were selectively vulnerable to CP exposure, and maximal neuropathological alterations were observed after 1 h irradiation of the CP solutions in coherence with the behavioral impairment. The generation of photoproducts was considered to be responsible for the enhanced disturbance on those biological processes. This work provided useful information on the toxicological assessments of chemicals that were produced during the environmental transformation of pesticides.
有毒农药对环境的污染已成为农业国家非常关注的问题。由于其广泛的农业应用，毒死蜱（CP）是环境中最常检测到的农药之一。本研究旨在比较 CP 辐照后毒性的潜在变化。为此，在模拟阳光下进行 CP 的光解，并使用线虫作为模型生物，在 CP 为 20 和 50 μg L 及其相应辐照混合溶液中进行神经毒性评估，该混合溶液包含鉴定的中间产物的混合物。在 1 小时的时间内，20 μg L CP 的光降解没有明显降低生理损伤，并且与未辐照溶液相比，在暴露于 50 μg L 的溶液 1 小时辐照后，动物的运动受到更严重的影响。GABA 能和胆碱能神经元对 CP 暴露敏感，并且在 CP 溶液照射 1 小时后观察到最大的神经病理学改变，与行为损伤一致。光产物的产生被认为是对这些生物过程的干扰增强的原因。这项工作为环境中农药转化过程中产生的化学物质的毒理学评估提供了有用的信息。
