Borok Z, Schneider S M, Fraley D S, Adler S
Montefiore Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213.
Vet Hum Toxicol. 1988 Oct;30(5):417-9.
Generalized seizures may be associated with therapeutic or intentional theophylline overdose. Toxic levels of theophylline are also associated with a fall in potassium which could potentiate theophylline-induced seizures. To evaluate the role of serum potassium concentration in theophylline-induced seizures we investigated the seizure threshold in normokalemic and hyperkalemic rats during theophylline infusion to toxic levels. Hyperkalemic rats were prepared with intraperitoneal amiloride and potassium chloride and had a mean +/- SEM initial potassium of 5.29 +/- 0.15 mEq/L. Control animals received either amiloride or potassium and had initial serum potassium concentrations of 4.00 +/- 0.08 and 3.93 +/- 0.16 mEq/L, respectively. Potassium levels after 30 minutes of theophylline infusion were 4.11 +/- 0.18 mEq/L in the hyperkalemic rats and 3.47 +/- 0.06 and 3.51 +/- 0.12 mEq/L in the control animals. There were no significant differences in the serum theophylline concentrations at time of seizure, nor was there a correlation between serum potassium concentration and theophylline concentration at time of seizure. Since the preservation of normokalemia does not influence the onset of seizures in theophylline toxicity, this suggests that the potassium level has little effect on seizure activity in this model.
全身性癫痫发作可能与茶碱治疗性或故意过量用药有关。茶碱的中毒水平还与血钾降低有关，这可能会增强茶碱诱发的癫痫发作。为了评估血清钾浓度在茶碱诱发癫痫发作中的作用，我们在将茶碱输注至中毒水平的过程中，研究了正常血钾和高血钾大鼠的癫痫发作阈值。高血钾大鼠通过腹腔注射氨氯吡咪和氯化钾制备，初始血钾平均±标准误为5.29±0.15 mEq/L。对照动物分别接受氨氯吡咪或钾，初始血清钾浓度分别为4.00±0.08和3.93±0.16 mEq/L。茶碱输注30分钟后，高血钾大鼠的血钾水平为4.11±0.18 mEq/L，对照动物的血钾水平为3.47±0.06和3.51±0.12 mEq/L。癫痫发作时血清茶碱浓度无显著差异，癫痫发作时血清钾浓度与茶碱浓度之间也无相关性。由于维持正常血钾水平并不影响茶碱中毒时癫痫发作的起始，这表明在该模型中血钾水平对癫痫发作活动影响很小。
