Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Center for Process Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
J Environ Sci (China). 2020 Mar;89:277-286. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.09.006. Epub 2019 Sep 12.
As a major reservoir of antibiotics, animal manure contributes a lot to the augmented environmental pressure of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This might be the first study to explore the effects of different ventilation types on the control of ARGs and to identify the relationships between archaeal communities and ARGs during the composting of dairy manure. Several ARGs were quantified via Real-time qPCR and microbial communities including bacteria and archaea were analyzed by High-throughput sequencing during vacuum-type composting (VTC) and positive-pressure composting (PPC). The total detected ARGs and class I integrase gene (intI1) under VTC were significantly lower than that under PPC during each stage of the composting (p<0.001). The relative abundance of potential human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) which were identified based on sequencing information and correlation analysis decreased by 74.6% and 91.4% at the end of PPC and VTC, respectively. The composition of archaeal communities indicated that methane-producing archaea including Methanobrevibacter, Methanocorpusculum and Methanosphaera were dominant throughout the composting. Redundancy analysis suggested that Methanobrevibacter and Methanocorpusculum were positively correlated with all of the detected ARGs. Network analysis determined that the possible hosts of ARGs were different under VTC and PPC, and provided new sights about potential links between archaea and ARGs. Our results showed better performance of VTC in reducing ARGs and potential HPB and demonstrated that some archaea could also be influential hosts of ARGs, and caution the risks of archaea carrying ARGs.
作为抗生素的主要储存库，动物粪便对增加抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的环境压力做出了很大贡献。这可能是首次研究不同通风类型对控制 ARGs 的影响，并确定在奶牛粪便堆肥过程中古菌群落与 ARGs 之间的关系。在真空型堆肥（VTC）和正压型堆肥（PPC）过程中，通过实时 qPCR 定量检测了几种 ARGs，并用高通量测序分析了细菌和古菌等微生物群落。在堆肥的每个阶段，VTC 下检测到的总 ARGs 和 I 类整合酶基因（intI1）明显低于 PPC（p<0.001）。基于测序信息和相关分析确定的潜在人类病原菌（HPB）相对丰度在 PPC 和 VTC 结束时分别下降了 74.6%和 91.4%。古菌群落的组成表明，产甲烷古菌，包括 Methanobrevibacter、Methanocorpusculum 和 Methanosphaera，在整个堆肥过程中占主导地位。冗余分析表明，Methanobrevibacter 和 Methanocorpusculum 与所有检测到的 ARGs 呈正相关。网络分析确定了在 VTC 和 PPC 下 ARGs 的可能宿主不同，并提供了古菌和 ARGs 之间潜在联系的新视角。我们的研究结果表明，VTC 在减少 ARGs 和潜在 HPB 方面表现更好，并表明一些古菌也可能是 ARGs 的重要宿主，这提醒了古菌携带 ARGs 的风险。
