Walker Peter, Scallon Gabrielle, Francis Brian J
Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YF, UK.
Provost's Office, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2020 May;82(4):1949-1970. doi: 10.3758/s13414-019-01963-6.
Cross-sensory correspondences can reflect crosstalk between aligned conceptual feature dimensions, though uncertainty remains regarding the identities of all the dimensions involved. It is unclear, for example, if heaviness contributes to correspondences separately from size. Taking steps to dissociate variations in heaviness from variations in size, the question was asked if a heaviness-brightness correspondence will induce a congruity effect during the speeded brightness classification of simple visual stimuli. Participants classified the stimuli according to whether they were brighter or darker than the mid-gray background against which they appeared. They registered their speeded decisions by manipulating (e.g., tapping) the object they were holding in either their left or right hand (e.g., left for bright, right for dark). With these two otherwise identical objects contrasting in their weight, stimuli were classified more quickly when the relative heaviness of the object needing to be manipulated corresponded with the brightness of the stimulus being classified (e.g., the heavier object for a darker stimulus). This novel congruity effect, in the guise of a stimulus-response (S-R) compatibility effect, was induced when heaviness was isolated as an enduring feature of the object needing to be manipulated. It was also undiminished when participants completed a concurrent verbal memory load task, countering claims that the heaviness-brightness correspondence is verbally mediated. Heaviness, alongside size, appears to contribute to cross-sensory correspondences in its own right and in a manner confirming the far-reaching influence of correspondences, extending here to the fluency with which people communicate simple ideas by manipulating a hand-held object.
跨感觉对应可以反映对齐的概念特征维度之间的相互干扰，尽管对于所有涉及的维度的具体性质仍存在不确定性。例如，重量是否独立于大小对对应关系有影响尚不清楚。通过采取措施将重量变化与大小变化区分开来，研究人员提出了这样一个问题：在对简单视觉刺激进行快速亮度分类时，重量-亮度对应是否会引发一致性效应。参与者根据刺激物比其呈现的中灰色背景更亮还是更暗来对刺激物进行分类。他们通过操作（例如轻敲）他们左手或右手拿着的物体（例如，左手代表亮，右手代表暗）来记录他们的快速决策。在这两个其他方面相同但重量不同的物体的情况下，当需要操作的物体的相对重量与被分类刺激物的亮度相对应时（例如，较重的物体对应较暗的刺激物），刺激物的分类速度更快。这种以刺激-反应（S-R）兼容性效应形式出现的新颖一致性效应，是在将重量作为需要操作的物体的持久特征分离出来时诱发的。当参与者完成一项并发的言语记忆负荷任务时，这种效应也没有减弱，这反驳了重量-亮度对应是由言语介导的说法。重量与大小一样，似乎本身就对跨感觉对应有贡献，并且以一种证实对应关系具有深远影响的方式，在此扩展到人们通过操作手持物体来传达简单想法的流畅程度。
