Ricci Elena, Noli Stefania, Ferrari Stefania, La Vecchia Irene, Castiglioni Marta, Cipriani Sonia, Somigliana Edgardo, Parazzini Fabio, Agostoni Carlo
Department of Woman, Newborn and Child, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Andrologia. 2020 Apr;52(3):e13505. doi: 10.1111/and.13505. Epub 2020 Jan 8.
Diet has been suggested as a factor affecting sperm quality, both in healthy and infertile men. To study whether specific food groups and fatty acids (FA) intake were associated with sperm parameters of men from couples referring to an Italian Fertility Clinic, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis. A semen sample was collected and analysed before proceeding with assisted reproduction. To evaluate food groups and fatty acids intake, we used a questionnaire of food frequency. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for abnormal semen parameters. Among 323 men, 19% had semen volume (SV) <1.5 ml, 31% sperm concentration (SC) <15 mil/mL, 33% total sperm count (TSC) <39 mil and 27% sperm progressive motility <32%. Low SC was more frequent in men with higher saturated FA (SFA) and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) intake. Better SC and TSC were related to higher monounsaturated FA (MUFA)/SFA ratio. Monounsaturated FA and linoleic/linolenic acid ratio were not related to any considered parameters. Low TSC was associated with low vegetable intake. In conclusion, normal sperm parameters were more frequent in men with low intake of SFA and PUFA, and high vegetable intake. Higher MUFA/SFA ratio was associated with better sperm quality parameters.
饮食被认为是影响健康男性和不育男性精子质量的一个因素。为了研究特定食物组和脂肪酸（FA）摄入量是否与前往意大利一家生育诊所的夫妇中男性的精子参数相关，我们进行了一项横断面分析。在进行辅助生殖之前，收集并分析了精液样本。为了评估食物组和脂肪酸摄入量，我们使用了食物频率问卷。我们计算了精液参数异常的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。在323名男性中，19%的人精液量（SV）<1.5毫升，31%的人精子浓度（SC）<1500万/毫升，33%的人总精子数（TSC）<3900万，27%的人精子前向运动率<32%。饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）摄入量较高的男性中，低精子浓度更为常见。较好的精子浓度和总精子数与较高的单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）/饱和脂肪酸比值有关。单不饱和脂肪酸和亚油酸/亚麻酸比值与任何所考虑的参数均无关。低总精子数与低蔬菜摄入量有关。总之，饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量低且蔬菜摄入量高的男性中，正常精子参数更为常见。较高的单不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸比值与较好的精子质量参数相关。
