J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother. 2020 Jun;34(2):77-81. doi: 10.1080/15360288.2019.1708529. Epub 2020 Jan 10.
Nebulized fentanyl is well established for analgesia but its use for dyspnea requires further investigation. The aim of our study was to determine the effectiveness of nebulized fentanyl in treating patients with dyspnea and to determine if there were harmful side effects described by patients or their providers. We used a convenience sample of patients from July 1 2014 to July 1 2018 and performed a retrospective chart review. We found that 360 doses of nebulized fentanyl were given to 73 patients during that time period. Of the 73 patients evaluated, 32 patients (43.8%) were female and forty-one were male (56.1%). The median age was 67 and the median length of stay was 9 days. There were no documented findings of bronchospasm, hypotension, or allergic reaction in any of the medical records reviewed. Patients treated with nebulized fentanyl for dyspnea showed a mean decreased respiratory rate of 4.3 breaths/min and a mean increased oxygen saturation of 2.3%. Also, 71% of patients with documented responses experienced an improvement in their dyspnea. Our preliminary data suggest that nebulized fentanyl has limited side effects and may have a role in the treatment of dyspnea. Further research is necessary to determine its efficacy.
雾化芬太尼已被广泛用于镇痛，但它在治疗呼吸困难方面的应用仍需要进一步研究。本研究旨在确定雾化芬太尼治疗呼吸困难患者的有效性，并确定患者或其提供者是否描述了有害的副作用。我们使用了 2014 年 7 月 1 日至 2018 年 7 月 1 日期间的便利样本患者，并进行了回顾性图表审查。在此期间，我们给 73 名患者使用了 360 次雾化芬太尼。在评估的 73 名患者中，有 32 名女性（43.8%）和 41 名男性（56.1%）。中位年龄为 67 岁，中位住院时间为 9 天。在审查的任何病历中，均未发现支气管痉挛、低血压或过敏反应的记录。接受雾化芬太尼治疗呼吸困难的患者呼吸频率平均降低 4.3 次/分钟，血氧饱和度平均增加 2.3%。此外，有记录的反应的 71%的患者呼吸困难得到改善。我们的初步数据表明，雾化芬太尼的副作用有限，可能在治疗呼吸困难方面具有一定作用。需要进一步研究来确定其疗效。
