Tishchenko A S, Dobrodeev A S
Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
Stomatologiia (Mosk). 2019;98(6):131-135. doi: 10.17116/stomat201998061131.
Dexmedetomidine is a selective α adrenoreceptor agonist. The drug has a set of useful properties due to wide prevalence of the receptors in a body. The article presents review of the literature of using dexmedetomidine in anesthetic practice of various surgery fields which positive results may be extrapolated to dentistry and maxillofacial surgery to solve important anesthesiologic problems. Inclusion of the drug in routine oral and maxillofacial surgery anesthesia can bring a significant amount of benefits: safe sedation for dental interventions, sedation for compromised airways without respiratory depression, improvement of intraoperative and postoperative analgesia, reduction of postoperative nausea, vomiting and postoperative shivering incidence, nephroprotection and stability of hypotensive hemodynamics, decrease of intraoperative blood loss. Thus, the dexmedetomidine may be a useful agent for anesthesia in oral and maxillofacial surgery that increases anesthesia safety and quality of medical care.
右美托咪定是一种选择性α肾上腺素能受体激动剂。由于该受体在体内广泛分布，该药物具有一系列有用的特性。本文综述了右美托咪定在各个外科手术领域麻醉实践中的文献，其积极结果可外推至牙科和颌面外科，以解决重要的麻醉学问题。将该药物纳入常规口腔颌面外科麻醉可带来诸多益处：为牙科干预提供安全镇静、为气道受损患者提供镇静且无呼吸抑制、改善术中和术后镇痛、降低术后恶心、呕吐和术后寒战发生率、肾脏保护以及维持低血压血流动力学稳定、减少术中失血。因此，右美托咪定可能是口腔颌面外科麻醉中的一种有用药物，可提高麻醉安全性和医疗质量。
