Department of Physiology and Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic.
Physiol Res. 2019 Dec 20;68(Suppl 3):S325-S338. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.934359.
Oculometric behaviour assessed by pupil response provides important information about central autonomic activity and emotional regulation. However, studies regarding pupil response to emotional stimuli in adolescent depression are rare. We aimed to study emotional-linked pupil response in adolescent depression. Twenty depressive adolescents (average age: 15.4+/-1.2 years) and 20 age/gender-matched healthy subjects were examined. Average pupil diameter assessed by eye-tracking and pupillary light reflex were evaluated during protocol - baseline, free-view task, recovery phase. Regarding right eye, significantly greater initial pupil diameter and pupil dilation to positive pictures free-viewing (p=0.013, p=0.031, respectively), significantly slower average and maximum constriction velocity in baseline and positive pictures free-viewing (p=0.036, p=0.050, p=0.021, p=0.015, respectively), significantly slower maximum constriction velocity in recovery phase (p=0.045), and significantly faster average dilation velocity in negative pictures free-viewing (p=0.042) were observed in depressive group. Regarding left eye, significantly lower constriction percentual change in negative pictures free-viewing (p=0.044) and significantly greater baseline pupil diameter and pupil diameter at the peak of constriction in positive vs. negative pictures free-viewing (p=0.002, p=0.015, respectively) were observed in depressive group. Our study revealed discrete central autonomic dysregulation - parasympathetic hypoactivity associated with relative sympathetic dominance influenced by impairments in emotional processing already in adolescent depression.
瞳孔反应评估的眼动行为提供了关于中枢自主活动和情绪调节的重要信息。然而，关于青少年抑郁症中瞳孔对情绪刺激的反应的研究很少。我们旨在研究青少年抑郁症中的情绪相关的瞳孔反应。我们检查了 20 名抑郁青少年（平均年龄：15.4+/-1.2 岁）和 20 名年龄/性别匹配的健康受试者。通过眼动追踪评估平均瞳孔直径和瞳孔对光反射，在方案-基线、自由观察任务、恢复阶段进行评估。对于右眼，在正性图片自由观察时，初始瞳孔直径和瞳孔扩张显著更大（p=0.013，p=0.031），在基线和正性图片自由观察时，平均和最大收缩速度显著更慢（p=0.036，p=0.050，p=0.021，p=0.015），在恢复阶段最大收缩速度显著更慢（p=0.045），在负性图片自由观察时平均扩张速度显著更快（p=0.042）。对于左眼，在负性图片自由观察时，收缩百分比变化显著更低（p=0.044），在正性和负性图片自由观察时，瞳孔收缩峰值的瞳孔直径和瞳孔直径显著更大（p=0.002，p=0.015）。我们的研究揭示了离散的中枢自主神经调节障碍-副交感神经活动低下与相对交感神经优势相关，这与情绪处理受损有关，即使在青少年抑郁症中也是如此。
