Pierozan C R, Callegari M A, Dias C P, de Souza K L, Gasa J, da Silva C A
Aluno de doutorado, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Campus Universitário, 86.057-970Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
Akei Animal Research, Estrada Vicinal Fartura - Areias, Km 3, Bairro Três Saltos, 18870-000Fartura, São Paulo, Brazil.
Animal. 2020 Jun;14(6):1283-1292. doi: 10.1017/S175173111900346X. Epub 2020 Jan 13.
To understand the production factors that affect conclusive parameters of sow herd performance can improve the use of the resources and profitability of farm. The objective of this study was to identify associations and quantify the effects of a set of factors related to piglet weight at weaning (PWW), kilograms of piglets weaned per sow per year (kgPWSY) and sow feed conversion (SFC). Data from 150 farms were collected, for a total study population of 135 168 sows, including gilt replacement, breeding (mating), gestation and farrowing/lactation phases. A questionnaire focusing on reproductive performance, management, facilities, feeding, health and biosafety was administered. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess associations among factors with each of the three dependent variables. Increased duration of lactation was positively associated with PWW, kgPWSY and SFC. The increase in the number of live born pigs per litter was positively associated with kgPWSY and with SFC. Farms with higher PWW had farrowing room humidifiers, did not surgically castrate male piglets and used quaternary ammonia compounds for farrowing room disinfection. Farms with higher kgPWSY used lined ceilings in farrowing rooms and winter feeds with higher CP percentages in gestation; they also had more farrowings per sow per year. Sow feed conversion was worse in farms with partly slatted floors during gestation, in farms feeding lactating sows six times a day or ad libitum and farms with a higher sow-handler ratio. This study indicates that farms can increase PWW and kgPWSY and improve the SFC by changing one or more management, biosafety and feeding practices or facilities as well as by focusing on improving several performance parameters, particularly increasing the duration of lactation and the number of live born pigs per litter.
了解影响母猪群生产性能最终参数的生产因素，有助于提高农场资源利用效率和盈利能力。本研究的目的是确定与断奶仔猪体重（PWW）、每头母猪每年断奶仔猪千克数（kgPWSY）和母猪饲料转化率（SFC）相关的一组因素之间的关联，并量化其影响。收集了150个农场的数据，研究总群体为135168头母猪，涵盖后备母猪替换、配种、妊娠和产仔/泌乳阶段。发放了一份聚焦繁殖性能、管理、设施、饲养、健康和生物安全的问卷。使用多元线性回归模型评估各因素与三个因变量之间的关联。泌乳期延长与PWW、kgPWSY和SFC呈正相关。每窝活产仔猪数增加与kgPWSY和SFC呈正相关。PWW较高的农场设有产仔室加湿器，不对雄性仔猪进行手术阉割，并使用季铵化合物进行产仔室消毒。kgPWSY较高的农场在产仔室使用内衬天花板，在妊娠期间使用粗蛋白百分比更高的冬季饲料；它们每年每头母猪的产仔次数也更多。在妊娠期间部分为漏缝地板的农场、每天给泌乳母猪喂食六次或自由采食的农场以及母猪饲养员比例较高的农场，母猪饲料转化率较差。本研究表明，农场可以通过改变一个或多个管理、生物安全和饲养措施或设施，以及专注于改善多个性能参数，特别是延长泌乳期和增加每窝活产仔猪数，来提高PWW和kgPWSY，并改善SFC。
