Noninvasive imaging of dual-agent uptake in glioma and normal tissue using MRI-coupled fluorescence tomography.

As the role of immuno-oncological therapeutics expands, the capacity to noninvasively quantify molecular targets and drug-target engagement is increasingly critical to drug development efforts and treatment monitoring. Previously, we showed that MRI-coupled dual-agent fluorescence tomography (FMT) is capable of estimating the concentration of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in orthotopic glioma models noninvasively. This approach uses the dynamic information of two fluorescent agents (a targeted agent and untargeted isotype) to estimate tumor receptor concentration in vivo. This approach generally relies on the two tracers having similar kinetics in normal tissues, which may not always be the case. Herein, we describe an additional channel added to the MRI-FMT system which measures the uptake of both agents in the normal muscle, data which can be used to compensate for differing kinetic behavior.