Fonlupt B, Disant F
Clinique d'ORL, d'audiophonologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, Hôpital Edouard-Herriot, Lyon, France.
Pediatrie. 1988;43(3):235-9.
Cholesteatoma is characterized by the accumulation of a desquamating epithelium within the middle ear. Its development and spreading are favoured by chronic inflammatory and suppurative processes. The main clinical manifestations are persistent or episodic, frequently fetid purulent discharge, hearing impairment, vertigo and rarely complications (mastoiditis, labyrinthitis or meningitis). Therapy is preventive: careful management and follow-up of children with recurrent or chronic otitis media with effusion. Surgical treatment is mandatory once cholesteatoma is constituted.
胆脂瘤的特征是中耳内有脱屑上皮堆积。慢性炎症和化脓性过程有利于其发展和扩散。主要临床表现为持续性或间歇性、常有恶臭的脓性分泌物、听力障碍、眩晕，很少出现并发症（乳突炎、迷路炎或脑膜炎）。治疗是预防性的：对患有复发性或慢性渗出性中耳炎的儿童进行仔细管理和随访。一旦形成胆脂瘤，手术治疗是必需的。
