Pulmonology Department, Yaounde Jamot Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Faculty of Medicine of Garoua, The University of Ngaoundere, Garoua, Cameroon.
PLoS One. 2020 Jan 16;15(1):e0227778. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227778. eCollection 2020.
Obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is poorly documented in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially in the hospital setting. The aim of this study was to determine its prevalence and to investigate the associated factors in patients admitted in a tertiary referral hospital in Cameroon.
In this cross-sectional study conducted in the Cardiology, Endocrinology and Neurology departments of the Yaounde Central Hospital; all patients aged 21 and older were included consecutively. A sample of randomly selected patients was recorded using a portable sleep monitoring device (PMD). OSAHS was defined as apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5/hour (with > 50% of events being obstructive) and moderate to severe OSAHS as an AHI > 15/hour. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated to OSAHS.
Of the 359 patients included, 202 (56.3%) patients were women. The mean age (standard deviation) was 58 (16) years. The prevalence of OSAHS assessed by PMD (95% CI) was 57.7% (48.5-66.9%), 53.8% in men and 62.7% in women (p = 0.44). The median (25th-75th percentiles) AHI, body mass index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale score of OSAHS patients were 17 (10.6-26.9)/hour, 27.4 (24.7-31.6) kg/m2 and 7 (5-9) respectively. The only factor associated to moderate to severe OSAHS was hypertension [odds ratio (95% CI)]: 3.24 (1.08-9.72), p = 0.036.
OSAHS is a common condition in patients in this health care centre of Cameroon. In the hospital setting, screening for OSAHS in patients with hypertension is recommended.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）在撒哈拉以南非洲地区记录甚少，特别是在医院环境中。本研究旨在确定其在喀麦隆一家三级转诊医院住院患者中的患病率，并探讨相关因素。
这是一项在雅温得中心医院心血管科、内分泌科和神经科进行的横断面研究，连续纳入所有年龄在 21 岁及以上的患者。使用便携式睡眠监测设备（PMD）对随机选择的患者进行记录。OSAHS 的定义为呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）≥5/小时（>50%的事件为阻塞性），中重度 OSAHS 定义为 AHI>15/小时。采用 logistic 回归分析确定与 OSAHS 相关的因素。
359 例患者中，202 例（56.3%）为女性。平均年龄（标准差）为 58（16）岁。PMD 评估的 OSAHS 患病率（95%CI）为 57.7%（48.5-66.9%），男性为 53.8%，女性为 62.7%（p=0.44）。OSAHS 患者的中位（25 分位-75 分位）AHI、体重指数和 Epworth 嗜睡量表评分为 17（10.6-26.9）/小时、27.4（24.7-31.6）kg/m2 和 7（5-9）。唯一与中重度 OSAHS 相关的因素是高血压[比值比（95%CI）]：3.24（1.08-9.72），p=0.036。
OSAHS 在喀麦隆这家医疗中心的患者中较为常见。在医院环境中，建议对高血压患者进行 OSAHS 筛查。
