Shaw J L
Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Banchory, Kincardineshire.
Res Vet Sci. 1988 Sep;45(2):256-8.
Worms were counted in red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus) in north east Scotland in March, April, August, September, November and December 1986. Immature worms occurred as third (L3) and fourth (L4) stage larvae throughout. Two kinds of evidence suggest that L3 larvae spent much of the winter in a state of arrested development. First, recently acquired L3 larvae could be distinguished by the fact that they retained outer L2 cuticles for a few days; these were present only in the August and September samples. Secondly, the mean proportion of larvae (L3 and L4) present as L3 was less than 15 per cent in August and September, but increased to 92 per cent by December and then decreased to 71 per cent by March and April. During March and April the proportion of L4 increased as overwintering L3 resumed their development.
1986年3月、4月、8月、9月、11月和12月，在苏格兰东北部对红松鸡（Lagopus lagopus scoticus）体内的蠕虫进行了计数。未成熟的蠕虫在整个过程中均以第三期（L3）和第四期（L4）幼虫的形式出现。有两类证据表明，L3幼虫在冬季的大部分时间处于发育停滞状态。首先，最近获得的L3幼虫可通过其在几天内保留外层L2角质层这一事实来区分；这些仅在8月和9月的样本中出现。其次，8月和9月，以L3形式存在的幼虫（L3和L4）的平均比例不到15%，但到12月增加到92%，然后到3月和4月降至71%。在3月和4月期间，随着越冬L3恢复发育，L4的比例增加。
