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PI-Sole:一种使用现成压电传感器和惯性测量单元进行步态监测的低成本解决方案。

PI-Sole: A Low-Cost Solution for Gait Monitoring Using Off-The-Shelf Piezoelectric Sensors and IMU.

作者信息

Chandel Vivek, Singhal Shivam, Sharma Varsha, Ahmed Nasimuddin, Ghose Avik

出版信息

Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2019 Jul;2019:3290-3296. doi: 10.1109/EMBC.2019.8857877.

Abstract

In this paper, viability of low-cost off-the-shelf Piezoelectric ceramic disc elements is explored for an insole-based gait monitoring system, `PI-Sole' (Piezo In-Sole). Piezoelectric elements can sense dynamic changes in pressure in a closed-loop environment with good sensitivity and a wide measurement range. In this paper, method to enable these elements to continuously sense plantar pressure while walking is proposed, making them a very cost-efficient alternative to the widely used Force Sensing Resistors (FSR) and pressure plates for monitoring human gait. However, piezoelectric elements show hysteresis in their force response, inducing a drift in calculated pressure which increases with time. A novel and effective method to perform detrending of the signal is also presented utilizing stride contexts from a 6-DoF Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and the same is utilized to perform zero-correction in the pressure data. 3-D trajectories of strides are calculated using the IMU, and parameters like stride length, stride height etc. are further derived. In order to test the validity of our proposed methods, important kinetic parameters like Vertical Ground Reaction Force (VGRF) and Center of Pressure (CoP) are calculated using PI-Sole and compared to the ones calculated using FSR's in multiple prior works. Applicability of PI-Sole is demonstrated further by depicting and analysing characteristic differences between a heel-strike toe-off stance type, and a flat-strike stance type, the latter being one of the primary symptoms in many cases of pathological gait, including Parkinsonian gait. Important artefacts from foot's height profile while walking are analysed for both stance types in context of standard gait events. We report a mean error of 2.8cm in stride length calculation, and a mean accuracy of 94.5% in calculating swing/stance duration of gait cycles.

摘要

在本文中,我们探索了低成本现成压电陶瓷圆盘元件在基于鞋垫的步态监测系统“PI-Sole”(压电鞋垫)中的可行性。压电元件能够在闭环环境中灵敏地感知压力动态变化,且测量范围宽广。本文提出了一种方法,使这些元件在行走时能够持续感知足底压力,这使其成为一种极具成本效益的替代方案,可替代广泛用于监测人类步态的力敏电阻(FSR)和压力板。然而,压电元件在力响应方面表现出滞后现象,导致计算出的压力随时间漂移。本文还提出了一种新颖有效的信号去趋势化方法,该方法利用来自六自由度惯性测量单元(IMU)的步幅上下文信息,并用于对压力数据进行零校正。使用IMU计算步幅的三维轨迹,并进一步推导出步幅长度、步幅高度等参数。为了测试我们提出的方法的有效性,使用PI-Sole计算了诸如垂直地面反作用力(VGRF)和压力中心(CoP)等重要动力学参数,并与之前多项研究中使用FSR计算的参数进行比较。通过描绘和分析脚跟撞击 - 脚尖离地站立类型与平击站立类型之间的特征差异,进一步证明了PI-Sole的适用性,后者是包括帕金森步态在内的许多病理性步态病例的主要症状之一。在标准步态事件的背景下,针对两种站立类型分析了行走时足部高度轮廓的重要伪影。我们报告步幅长度计算的平均误差为2.8厘米,步态周期摆动/站立持续时间计算的平均准确率为94.5%。

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