应用锥形束 CT 对相关解剖结构的牙种植体相关穿孔和种植体/牙齿之间的间距不足进行回顾性评估。

Retrospective assessment of dental implant-related perforations of relevant anatomical structures and inadequate spacing between implants/teeth using cone-beam computed tomography.

机构信息

Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. BOX 52, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.

Post-gradaute Program in Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. do Cafe, s/n, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.

出版信息

Clin Oral Investig. 2020 Sep;24(9):3281-3288. doi: 10.1007/s00784-020-03205-8. Epub 2020 Jan 20.

DOI:10.1007/s00784-020-03205-8

PMID:31960132

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To assess the prevalence of dental implant-related perforations of relevant anatomical structures and inadequate spacing between the implant and the adjacent tooth or implant, and their association with anatomical location, implant dimension, thread exposure, and presence of graft, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

CBCT scans of patients with implants were retrospectively assessed regarding the presence of implant-related perforation of adjacent anatomical structures, and inadequate mesial and distal spacing between the implant and the adjacent tooth/implant (i.e., < 1 mm or < 3 mm, respectively). Implants were classified according to anatomical location, dimensions, thread exposure, and the presence of graft (i.e., bone graft or bone substitutes). Prevalence of perforations and inadequate spacing was compared among the different implant classifications (Chi-squared test). Significance level was set at 5%.

RESULTS

A total of 1109 implants were assessed, out of which 369 (33.3%) presented perforation of adjacent structures. Prevalence of perforations in the maxilla (43.5%) was higher than in the mandible (11.3%). Inadequate spacing was found in 18.2% of the mesial and distal measurements, which was more prevalent in the maxilla (p < 0.001). Implants perforating adjacent structures or placed with inadequate spacing presented higher prevalence of thread exposure (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found between the presence of perforations or inadequate spacing and presence of graft (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Implant-related perforations of relevant anatomical structures and inadequate spacing between the implant and the adjacent tooth/implant are relatively prevalent and more common in the maxilla. Both are associated with threads exposure.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Information on dental implant-related perforations and inadequate spacing can assist dental surgeons in pre-surgical planning.

摘要

目的

使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）评估与相关解剖结构的种植体相关穿孔和种植体与相邻牙齿/种植体之间的间隙不足的发生率，以及其与解剖位置、种植体尺寸、螺纹暴露和植骨的关系。

材料和方法

回顾性评估了接受种植体治疗的患者的 CBCT 扫描，以确定是否存在与相邻解剖结构的种植体相关穿孔，以及种植体与相邻牙齿/种植体之间的近远中间距不足（即<1mm 或<3mm）。根据解剖位置、尺寸、螺纹暴露和植骨（即骨移植或骨替代品）对种植体进行分类。比较不同种植体分类之间穿孔和间距不足的发生率（卡方检验）。显著性水平设为 5%。

结果

共评估了 1109 个种植体，其中 369 个（33.3%）存在相邻结构穿孔。上颌骨穿孔的发生率（43.5%）高于下颌骨（11.3%）。近远中测量中发现有 18.2%的间距不足，上颌骨更为常见（p<0.001）。穿孔或间距不足的种植体，其螺纹暴露的发生率更高（p<0.001）。穿孔或间距不足的存在与植骨的存在之间无显著差异（p>0.05）。