School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 18;17(2):624. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020624.
'Green exercise' (being physically active within a natural environment) research has examined the influence of environmental setting on health and wellbeing-related exercise outcomes. However, it is not known whether social exercise settings influence green exercise-associated changes in mood, self-esteem, and connection to nature. This study directly compared outcomes of participating in green exercise alone compared to in a group. Using repeated measures, counterbalanced and randomized-crossover design, participants (n = 40) completed two 3 km runs around sports fields. These fields had a relatively flat grass terrain, predominant view of trees, and open grassland. On one occasion participants ran alone and on the other they ran in a group of 4-5 participants. Questionnaire measures of mood, self-esteem, and connection to nature were completed immediately pre- and post-run. Across all of the measures, two-way mixed ANOVAs found that there were statistically significant effects for time but not for time-by-condition interactions. The simplest interpretation of this finding is that social setting does not influence individuals' attainment of the psychological outcomes of green exercise participation. However, we discuss the possibility that more complex processes might underpin this finding.
“绿色锻炼”（在自然环境中进行身体活动）的研究已经检验了环境设置对与健康和幸福感相关的锻炼结果的影响。然而，目前尚不清楚社交锻炼环境是否会影响绿色锻炼相关的情绪、自尊和与自然的联系的变化。本研究直接比较了单独进行绿色锻炼和在小组中进行绿色锻炼的结果。使用重复测量、平衡和随机交叉设计，参与者（n=40）在体育场周围完成了两次 3 公里的跑步。这些场地具有相对平坦的草地地形、树木的主要景观和开阔的草原。有一次，参与者独自跑步，另一次则与 4-5 名参与者一起跑步。在跑步前后立即完成了情绪、自尊和与自然联系的问卷调查。在所有的测量中，双向混合方差分析发现时间有统计学上的显著影响，但时间与条件的相互作用没有统计学上的显著影响。对这一发现最简单的解释是，社交环境不会影响个体获得绿色锻炼参与的心理结果。然而，我们讨论了更复杂的过程可能是这一发现的基础。
