比较二甲噻嗪和盐酸多塞平联合咪达唑仑/氯胺酮在 Quarter Horse 种马去势中的应用。

Comparison of xylazine and detomidine in combination with midazolam/ketamine for field castration in Quarter Horses.

机构信息

Iron Horse Equine Medical and Surgical Services, Elizabeth, CO, USA.

Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

出版信息

Equine Vet J. 2020 Jul;52(4):516-521. doi: 10.1111/evj.13232. Epub 2020 Feb 18.

DOI:10.1111/evj.13232

PMID:31965616

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The ideal field anaesthetic protocol for castration will offer an adequate duration and depth of anaesthesia using a single injection without compromising safety or recovery quality.

OBJECTIVES

The objective of this study was to compare intravenous (IV) xylazine and detomidine as sedatives in combination with midazolam and ketamine for induction of anaesthesia in horses undergoing field castration.

STUDY DESIGN

Randomised, blinded, clinical study.

METHODS

Fifty-seven male Quarter Horses were randomly assigned to receive xylazine (group X) (1.1 mg/kg bwt) or detomidine (group D) (0.03 mg/kg bwt) as premedication with midazolam (0.05 mg/kg bwt) and ketamine (2.2 mg/kg bwt) anaesthesia. Using simple descriptive scales, quality of sedation, induction, surgical conditions and recovery were scored by blinded observers. Induction, surgery, recovery time and time from induction to standing were recorded.

RESULTS

There were a greater number of horses with lower sedation score in group D when compared with horses in group X at 5 minutes after the first dose of sedation (11.1%, 66.7% and 2.2% of horses from group D with sedation scores of 1, 2 and 3, vs 0%, 52% and 48% from group X, respectively, P = .05). A significant (P < .01) difference was found between surgical condition scores for group D (63%, 14.8%, 11.1% and 11.1% with surgery scores of 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively) and group X (28%, 4%, 28% and 40%). Horses in Group D were less likely to require maintenance doses of ketamine (P = .05) with only 26% (7 of 27 horses) in this group requiring additional doses compared to 68% (17 of 25 horses) in group X. Recovery time in minutes (Group D: 24.74 ± 14.80, Group X: 13.08 ± 8.00; P < .01) and induction to standing time in minutes (Group D: 42.2 ± 13.8, Group X: 29.8 ± 8.2; P < .01) were significantly longer for horses in group D compared with group X.

MAIN LIMITATIONS

Multiple surgeons and multiple blinded observers.

CONCLUSIONS

Detomidine as compared with xylazine as premedication results in good quality sedation and surgical conditions and prolonged surgical plane of anaesthesia, without significant differences in induction or recovery quality.

摘要

背景

理想的阉割领域麻醉方案应能提供足够的麻醉持续时间和深度，单次注射即可实现，且不影响安全性或恢复质量。

目的

本研究旨在比较静脉（IV）二甲苯噻嗪和盐酸多塞平作为镇静剂，联合咪达唑仑和氯胺酮用于诱导马匹进行现场去势的麻醉效果。

研究设计

随机、盲法、临床研究。

方法

57 匹雄性夸特马随机分为两组，分别接受二甲苯噻嗪（X 组）（1.1mg/kg 体重）或盐酸多塞平（D 组）（0.03mg/kg 体重）作为术前用药，同时给予咪达唑仑（0.05mg/kg 体重）和氯胺酮（2.2mg/kg 体重）麻醉。通过盲法观察者使用简单描述性量表对镇静、诱导、手术条件和恢复情况进行评分。记录诱导时间、手术时间、恢复时间以及从诱导到站立的时间。

结果

与 X 组相比，D 组在首次镇静后 5 分钟时，镇静评分较低的马匹数量更多（D 组 1、2 和 3 分的镇静评分分别为 11.1%、66.7%和 2.2%，X 组分别为 0%、52%和 48%，P=0.05）。D 组的手术条件评分（1 分、2 分、3 分和 4 分的手术评分分别为 63%、14.8%、11.1%和 11.1%）与 X 组（28%、4%、28%和 40%）存在显著差异（P<0.01）。D 组需要维持剂量的氯胺酮的马匹比例较低（P=0.05），与 X 组（26%[7/27 匹马]）相比，D 组只有 26%（7/27 匹马）需要额外剂量，而 X 组有 68%（17/25 匹马）需要。与 X 组相比，D 组的恢复时间（D 组：24.74±14.80 分钟，X 组：13.08±8.00 分钟；P<0.01）和诱导至站立时间（D 组：42.2±13.8 分钟，X 组：29.8±8.2 分钟；P<0.01）明显更长。