Zaika Maxim A, Kilian Norbert, Jones Katy, Krinitsina Anastasiya A, Nilova Maya V, Speranskaya Anna S, Sukhorukov Alexander P
Department of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia.
Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 6-8, 14195 Berlin, Germany Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany.
PhytoKeys. 2020 Jan 8;137:1-85. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.137.46544. eCollection 2020.
comprises 180-190 species and belongs to the subtribe Scorzonerinae. Its circumscription has long been the subject of debate and available molecular phylogenetic analyses affirmed the polyphyly of in its wide sense. We provide a re-evaluation of and other related genera, based on carpological (including anatomical) and extended molecular phylogenetic analyses. We present, for the first time, a comprehensive sampling, including in its widest sense and all other genera recognised in the Scorzonerinae. We conducted phylogenetic analyses using Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses, based on sequences of the nuclear ribosomal ITS and of two plastid markers (partial and ) and Maximum Parsimony for reconstructing the carpological character states at ancestral nodes. Achene characters, especially related to pericarp anatomy, such as general topography of the tissue types, disposition of the mechanical tissue and direction of its fibres, presence or absence of air cavities, provide, in certain cases, support for the phylogenetic lineages revealed. Confirming the polyphyly of , we propose a revised classification of the subtribe, accepting the genera (including four major clades: s. str., , and ), , (for the clade), , (also including ), (for the clade) and . A key to the revised genera and a characterisation of the genera and major clades are provided.
包含180 - 190个物种，属于小苦苣菜亚族。其分类界定长期以来一直是争论的主题，现有的分子系统发育分析证实了广义上该属的多系性。我们基于果实学（包括解剖学）和扩展的分子系统发育分析，对该属及其他相关属进行了重新评估。我们首次进行了全面的取样，包括广义上的该属以及小苦苣菜亚族中所有其他公认的属。我们基于核糖体ITS序列、两个质体标记（部分 和 ），使用最大简约法、最大似然法和贝叶斯分析进行系统发育分析，并使用最大简约法重建祖先节点的果实学特征状态。瘦果特征，特别是与果皮解剖相关的特征，如组织类型的总体形态、机械组织的分布及其纤维方向、气腔的有无，在某些情况下为所揭示的系统发育谱系提供了支持。证实了该属的多系性后，我们提出了该亚族的修订分类，接受 属（包括四个主要分支：狭义的 、 、 和 ）、 属、 属（用于 分支）、 属、 属（也包括 ）、 属（用于 分支）和 属。提供了修订后的属的检索表以及各属和主要分支的特征描述。
