Sun Fei, Chima Emmanuel, Wharton Tracy, Iyengar Vijeth
School of Social Work Michigan State University East LansingMichigan United States of America School of Social Work, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America.
School of Social Work University of Central Florida OrlandoFlorida United States School of Social Work, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2020 Jan 22;44:e2. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2020.2. eCollection 2020.
Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) affect over 50 million persons globally, and the number is expected to rise. In response, health ministries are developing and implementing policies and programs to systemically address the needs of individuals and families affected by ADRD. While national plans of action on ADRD are advancing among European Member States of World Health Organization (WHO), those in the Asia-Pacific and Americas are lagging behind. Since previous studies have largely ignored the Americas and Asia-Pacific-where approximately two-thirds of the global ADRD population resides-this study sought to identify (a) the socioeconomic factors associated with the likelihood of having a national dementia policy, and (b) to examine common and differing features among the national plans in these regions. Employing the dementia policy guidelines of WHO and the Pan American Health Organization as an extraction guide for data collection and analysis, the national dementia plans and available socioeconomic data of 10 Member States were analyzed with comparative and qualitative analyses. Findings suggested at least a 14-fold increase in the likelihood of having a national dementia plan if a Member State had one of the following: a universal health care system, more than 14% of the population 65 years of age or older, or high-income. All the Member States in the study identified dementia as a public health priority, but priorities differed. Inconsistencies included development of information systems, training for health care professionals, and long-term care systems.
阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆症（ADRD）在全球影响着超过5000万人，且这一数字预计还会上升。作为应对措施，各国卫生部正在制定和实施政策及项目，以系统地满足受ADRD影响的个人和家庭的需求。虽然世界卫生组织（WHO）欧洲成员国在推进ADRD国家行动计划，但亚太地区和美洲的国家行动计划却滞后了。由于此前的研究很大程度上忽略了美洲和亚太地区（全球约三分之二的ADRD患者居住在这些地区），本研究旨在确定：（a）与制定国家痴呆症政策可能性相关的社会经济因素；（b）审视这些地区国家计划中的共同特征和不同特征。以WHO和泛美卫生组织的痴呆症政策指南作为数据收集和分析的提取指南，对10个成员国的国家痴呆症计划和可用的社会经济数据进行了比较分析和定性分析。研究结果表明，如果一个成员国具备以下条件之一，制定国家痴呆症计划的可能性至少会增加14倍：拥有全民医疗保健系统、65岁及以上人口超过14%或为高收入国家。研究中的所有成员国都将痴呆症确定为公共卫生优先事项，但优先事项各不相同。不一致之处包括信息系统的开发、医护人员培训和长期护理系统。
