University Hospitals Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK.
Defence Equipment and Support, Ministry of Defence Abbey Wood, Bristol, BS34 8JH, UK.
Int J Legal Med. 2020 Mar;134(2):691-695. doi: 10.1007/s00414-020-02256-6. Epub 2020 Jan 22.
Edged weapons are a known domestic threat to the police forces of the UK. This threat is mitigated by wearing stab-resistant body armour that is either worn overtly or covertly depending on role. Although the UK military have traditionally focused their body armour design upon ballistic and fragmentation threats, future roles may require protection against an edged weapon threat. Since 2017, UK police body armour requirements for anatomical coverage for both edged weapon and ballistic threats are now based upon the requirements of UK military. This revised coverage may need additional research to determine minimum distances to essential structures.
Three entry locations and penetration vectors were chosen using the limited available information in the literature, in combination with a specialist in edged weapons defence. One hundred twenty CT trauma scans of male military service personnel were subsequently analysed to ascertain minimum distances from skin surface to the first structure encountered that is included in essential coverage (heart, aorta, vena cava, liver and spleen) at 3 specific entry points.
Individuals ranged between 18 and 46 years, with a mean body mass index of 24.8. The absolute minimum depth from skin surface to a structure within the auspice of essential coverage was 17 mm to the liver in entry point 3 and 19 mm to the heart in entry point 2.
Minimum distances to critical structures were significantly larger than those described in previous studies on civilians. This study will be used to supplement existing evidence to support existing UK police requirements for stab-resistant body armour. Using the weapon entry sites and vectors described in this study, overmatching to a behind armour depth of 17 mm would cover all of this population in this study.
锐器是英国警察部队已知的国内威胁。这种威胁可以通过穿戴防刺服来减轻，防刺服的穿戴方式取决于角色，有明显的和隐蔽的。尽管英国军方传统上专注于设计防弹和防碎片威胁的防弹衣，但未来的角色可能需要防护锐器威胁。自 2017 年以来，英国警察对锐器和弹道威胁的身体装甲解剖覆盖范围的要求现在基于英国军方的要求。这种修订后的覆盖范围可能需要额外的研究来确定对关键结构的最小距离。
使用文献中有限的可用信息，并结合锐器防御专家，选择了三个进入位置和穿透向量。随后分析了 120 名男性军人的 CT 创伤扫描，以确定在 3 个特定进入点处，从皮肤表面到包括基本覆盖范围内的第一个结构（心脏、主动脉、腔静脉、肝脏和脾脏）的最小距离。
个体年龄在 18 至 46 岁之间，平均体重指数为 24.8。从皮肤表面到基本覆盖范围内的结构的绝对最小深度为 17 毫米，在进入点 3 处为肝脏，在进入点 2 处为心脏 19 毫米。
关键结构的最小距离明显大于以前对平民的研究中描述的距离。本研究将用于补充现有证据，以支持英国警察对防刺服的现有要求。使用本研究中描述的武器进入部位和向量，装甲后面的深度超过 17 毫米将覆盖本研究中的所有人群。
