Simkin P A
Ann Intern Med. 1977 Feb;86(2):230-3. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-86-2-230.
Precipitation of crystals from solution is a relatively simple phenomenon that should be explained by changes in concentration, temperature, pH, or other local factors. Which of these factors determines the preferential precipitation of urate crystals at the base of the big toe? Podagra correlates with degenerative joint disease of the toe, often follows abuse of the feet, and classically occurs in the middle of the night. These characteristics suggest that crystals may form in resolving synovial effusions. The urate concentration must transiently rise in such an effusion because water will leave the joint space twice as fast as urate. If the local concentration surpasses the solubility of urate, crystals will form that may than induce acute podagra.
溶液中晶体的沉淀是一种相对简单的现象,应由浓度、温度、pH值或其他局部因素的变化来解释。这些因素中哪一个决定了大脚趾根部尿酸盐晶体的优先沉淀?痛风性关节炎与脚趾的退行性关节疾病相关,常继发于足部损伤,且典型地发生在午夜。这些特征表明晶体可能在滑膜积液消退过程中形成。在这样的积液中,尿酸盐浓度必定会短暂升高,因为水离开关节腔的速度是尿酸盐的两倍。如果局部浓度超过尿酸盐的溶解度,就会形成晶体,进而可能引发急性痛风性关节炎。