Bergström B K, Bertilson S O, Movin G
ENT Department, Central Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden.
J Int Med Res. 1988 Sep-Oct;16(5):376-85. doi: 10.1177/030006058801600507.
An ampicillin suppository was compared with amoxycillin suspension in the treatment of acute otitis media in children. Both antibiotics were given three times daily for 5 days in a daily dose of 25-50 mg/kg body weight. Safety was evaluated in 454 patients in the group given suppository and in 229 given the suspension, and 421 and 229 patients, respectively, were evaluable for efficacy. Ampicillin was rapidly absorbed and produced plasma concentrations well above the minimum inhibitory concentration for common respiratory pathogens. The overall clinical outcome was satisfactory (cured plus improved) in 89% of the patients given the suppository and in 86% given the suspension. Gastro-intestinal disturbances occurred in 28.4% of the patients given the suppository compared with 14.4% of those given the suspension. Perianal irritation was recorded in 12.1% of the patients given the suppository and in 5.2% of those given the suspension. Treatment was interrupted in 9.8% of patients given the suppository and in 0.9% of those given the suspension. In spite of these discomforts rectally administered ampicillin is considered to be a good alternative in children when oral medication is not feasible.
在治疗儿童急性中耳炎方面，对氨苄西林栓剂和阿莫西林混悬液进行了比较。两种抗生素均每日给药3次，持续5天，日剂量为25 - 50mg/kg体重。对接受栓剂治疗的454例患者和接受混悬液治疗的229例患者进行了安全性评估，分别有421例和229例患者可进行疗效评估。氨苄西林吸收迅速，产生的血浆浓度远高于常见呼吸道病原体的最低抑菌浓度。接受栓剂治疗的患者中89%的总体临床结局令人满意（治愈加好转），接受混悬液治疗的患者中这一比例为86%。接受栓剂治疗的患者中有28.4%出现胃肠道不适，而接受混悬液治疗的患者中这一比例为14.4%。接受栓剂治疗的患者中有12.1%记录有肛周刺激，接受混悬液治疗的患者中这一比例为5.2%。接受栓剂治疗的患者中有9.8%中断治疗，接受混悬液治疗的患者中这一比例为0.9%。尽管有这些不适，但当口服药物不可行时，直肠给药的氨苄西林被认为是儿童的一种良好替代药物。
