From the Brazilian Teratogen Information Service, Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2020 Mar;44(3):660-668. doi: 10.1111/acer.14294. Epub 2020 Feb 25.
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a disorder caused by alterations in embryo-fetal development due to prenatal alcohol exposure. It is estimated that between 0.5 and 2 per 1,000 individuals are born with FAS every year. In Brazil, there are few studies addressing the extent of the problem of FAS/fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD); these studies are confined to limited geographic areas. Therefore, we decided to perform a health needs assessment for FAS/FASD in Brazil.
To estimate the prevalence of FAS and FASD in Brazil, we used information from the literature, which estimates between 0.5 and 2/1,000 births per year for FAS and 10 to 50/1,000 for FASD.
We estimated that approximately 1,500 to 6,000 children are born with FAS every year. Considering the whole population, the prevalence would be 95,377 to 380,000 affected people. However, when we consider FASD as a whole, we estimate that between 1,900,000 and 9,500,000 Brazilians might suffer the more severe consequences of alcohol exposure during pregnancy and be living with FASD.
The results of the current study indicate that FAS and FASD are prevalent disorders in Brazil, and more policies targeting alcohol intake during pregnancy must be developed.
胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）是一种由胚胎-胎儿发育过程中因产前酒精暴露而导致的疾病。据估计，每年每 1000 个人中就有 0.5 到 2 个人患有 FAS。在巴西，很少有研究涉及 FASD 的问题范围；这些研究仅限于有限的地理区域。因此，我们决定对巴西的 FAS/FASD 进行健康需求评估。
为了估计巴西 FAS 和 FASD 的患病率，我们使用了文献中的信息，这些信息估计每年每 1000 个新生儿中就有 0.5 到 2 个患有 FAS，10 到 50 个患有 FASD。
我们估计每年大约有 1500 到 6000 个儿童患有 FAS。考虑到整个人口，受影响的人数将达到 95377 到 380000。然而，当我们将 FASD 作为一个整体来考虑时，我们估计在巴西，有 190 万到 950 万人可能遭受怀孕期间酒精暴露的更严重后果，并患有 FASD。
目前的研究结果表明，FAS 和 FASD 在巴西是普遍存在的疾病，必须制定更多针对怀孕期间饮酒的政策。
