Present address: School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
J Gen Virol. 2020 Apr;101(4):420-425. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001391. Epub 2020 Jan 27.
The γ-herpesviruses have proved hard to vaccination against, with no convincing protection against long-term latent infection by recombinant viral subunits. In experimental settings, whole-virus vaccines have proved more effective, even when the vaccine virus itself establishes latent infection poorly. The main alternative is replication-deficient virus particles. Here high-dose, replication-deficient murid herpesvirus-4 only protected mice partially against wild-type infection. By contrast, latency-deficient but replication-competent vaccine protected mice strongly, even when delivered non-invasively to the olfactory epithelium. Thus, this approach seems to provide the best chance of a safe and effective γ-herpesvirus vaccine.
γ 疱疹病毒的疫苗研制一直以来都极具挑战性，重组病毒亚单位并不能令人信服地预防长期潜伏性感染。在实验环境下，全病毒疫苗被证明更有效，即使疫苗病毒本身也难以建立潜伏性感染。另一种主要方法是复制缺陷型病毒颗粒。在这里，高剂量、复制缺陷型鼠疱疹病毒 4 仅能部分保护小鼠免受野生型感染。相比之下，潜伏缺陷但复制能力正常的疫苗则能强烈保护小鼠，即使是通过非侵入性方式递送到嗅上皮。因此，这种方法似乎为安全有效的 γ 疱疹病毒疫苗提供了最佳机会。
