[End stage kidney disease in Maghreb and Africa: Overview of transplant programs in Maghreb and Africa].

Kidney transplantation is the best treatment for the patient with end stage kidney disease in term of increasing the survival rate, reducing complications, improving quality of live and its lower cost compared to peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis. However, the number of patients waiting for kidney transplantation is growing day by day and the gap between demand and supply is still huge. This situation is even more complicated in developing countries where the lack of legislation, infrastructure and government involvement is common. Some national transplantation programs have been implemented, with the support of the International Society for Transplantation and the International Society of Nephrology, in order to increase the transplantation activity of these countries in accordance with the Istanbul Declaration on organ trafficking and transplant tourism.