Şahan Mehmet Hamdi, Inal Mikail, Muluk Nuray Bayar, Şimşek Gökçe
Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey.
ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey.
Curr Med Imaging Rev. 2019;15(3):319-325. doi: 10.2174/1573405614666180314150237.
In the present study, we investigated the relationship between olfactory fossa, cribriform plate, crista galli and nasal Septal Deviation (SD). Keros classification of olfactory fossa was also performed.
This study was performed retrospectively. Computerized Tomography (CT) images of 200 adult subjects were observed. Unilateral nasal Septal Deviation (SD) cases were included into the study. On coronal CT scans, SD side and location, SD angle, cribriform plate width, olfactory fossa depth (Keros classification) and width, area of the olfactory fossa, crista galli length, width and pneumatization were evaluated.
Anterior and anteroposterior deviations were detected mainly. In females, 64.0% and in males, 45.3% of the SDs were located anteriorly. In males, anteroposterior SDs (40.0%) were detected more than females. In anteroposterior SDs, SD angle was higher than anterior SDs. With higher SD angle, crista galli width and height decreased. Cribriform plate width, olfactory fossa height, width and area values of contralateral side were significantly higher than those of the ipsilateral side. For Keros classification, in male group, type 1 (53.3%) and in females, type 2 (57.6%) was detected at ipsilateral side. For contralateral side, type 2 Keros was detected in both genders. Complete crista galli pneumatization was observed in 4.0% and partial pneumatization was detected in 12.0%. In 84% of the patients, there is no Crista galli pneumatization. With the presence of pneumatized crista galli, contralateral Keros values decreased. Crista galli height and contralateral olfactory fossa width showed positive correlation. In older patients, cribriform plate width decreased.
In our study, there was no Keros type 3 olfactory fossa. In males' contralateral side of SD; and in females both ipsilateral and contralateral side of SD, Keros type 2 olfactory fossa were detected. Therefore, during sinus surgery, surgeons should work carefully not to made intracranial penetration.
在本研究中，我们调查了嗅窝、筛板、鸡冠与鼻中隔偏曲（SD）之间的关系。还对嗅窝进行了凯罗斯分类。
本研究为回顾性研究。观察了200名成年受试者的计算机断层扫描（CT）图像。纳入单侧鼻中隔偏曲（SD）病例。在冠状位CT扫描上，评估SD侧和位置、SD角度、筛板宽度、嗅窝深度（凯罗斯分类）和宽度、嗅窝面积、鸡冠长度、宽度和气化情况。
主要检测到前偏曲和前后偏曲。在女性中，64.0%的SD位于前方，在男性中为45.3%。在男性中，检测到的前后SD（40.0%）比女性多。在前后SD中，SD角度高于前SD。随着SD角度增大，鸡冠宽度和高度减小。对侧的筛板宽度、嗅窝高度、宽度和面积值显著高于同侧。对于凯罗斯分类，在男性组中，同侧检测到1型（53.3%），在女性中，同侧检测到2型（57.6%）。对于对侧，两性均检测到2型凯罗斯。观察到4.0%的鸡冠完全气化，12.0%检测到部分气化。84%的患者没有鸡冠气化。随着气化鸡冠的出现，对侧凯罗斯值降低。鸡冠高度与对侧嗅窝宽度呈正相关。在老年患者中，筛板宽度减小。
在我们的研究中，没有凯罗斯3型嗅窝。在男性SD的对侧；以及在女性SD的同侧和对侧，均检测到凯罗斯2型嗅窝。因此，在鼻窦手术期间，外科医生应小心操作，避免颅内穿透。
