Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military & Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2020 Oct;58(10):991-996. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2020.1713337. Epub 2020 Jan 28.
Public health concerns are emerging surrounding huperzine A commonly found in dietary supplements. We sought to determine the actual content of products claiming to contain huperzine A and whether the ingredients on the supplement facts labels matched the analyses. We identified and analyzed 22 dietary supplement products listing huperzine A on product labels. We found these products were listed in Natural Medicines and Dietary Supplement Databases and being queried by Military Service Members for enhanced mental focus, alertness and energy. Analyses were conducted by using Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. Sixteen (73%) products had at least one ingredient claimed on the supplement facts label not detected through analysis. Compounds not reported on the label were detected in 16 (73%) products analyzed. Nine products (41%) listed ingredients not meeting the regulations for being a dietary supplement ingredient according to the FDA. Ingredients of most concern detected include stimulants: demelverine, 1,5-dimethylhexylamine, 1,3-dimethylhexylamine, -phenethyl dimethylamine, halostachine, higenamine, noopept, β-PEA, vinpocetine, sulbutiamine; and hordenine, currently on the FDA advisory list. Quantitative analysis showed the presence of huperzine A in the range from detected under the limits of quantification (DUL) to 267.1 µg/serving. Only two supplements showed huperzine A content within 10% of the declared amount. In a study of dietary supplements claiming to contain huperzine A, we found products that had at least one ingredient claimed on the supplement facts label not detected through analysis. Moreover, some ingredients not on the label could be dangerous and likely do not meet the definition of a dietary supplement ingredient according to the FDA. Quantitative analysis of huperzine A showed the amount detected was not in line with what appeared on the product label. Consumers should be aware of deceptive label claims and warned not to purchase products containing potentially dangerous ingredients.
公众健康问题正在出现，因为常见于膳食补充剂中的石杉碱甲。我们试图确定声称含有石杉碱甲的产品的实际含量，以及补充剂事实标签上的成分是否与分析结果相符。我们鉴定并分析了 22 种在产品标签上列出石杉碱甲的膳食补充剂产品。我们发现这些产品被列入了《天然药物和膳食补充剂数据库》，并且被军人查询，以增强注意力、警觉性和精力。分析是通过液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法进行的。有 16 种（73%）产品的补充剂事实标签上至少有一种成分未通过分析检测到。在分析的 16 种（73%）产品中检测到了标签上未报告的化合物。有 9 种（41%）产品列出的成分不符合 FDA 作为膳食补充剂成分的规定。检测到的最令人关注的成分包括兴奋剂：二甲弗林、1,5-二甲基己基胺、1,3-二甲基己基胺、-苯乙基二甲胺、哈尔碱、高良姜素、noopept、β-PEA、vinpocetine、硫辛酸；以及目前在 FDA 咨询名单上的 hordenine。定量分析显示，huperzine A 的含量在检测下限（DUL）到 267.1µg/份的范围内。只有两种补充剂显示出 huperzine A 的含量与宣称量相差在 10%以内。在一项关于声称含有石杉碱甲的膳食补充剂的研究中，我们发现产品的补充剂事实标签上至少有一种成分未通过分析检测到。此外，一些标签上没有的成分可能是危险的，而且可能不符合 FDA 对膳食补充剂成分的定义。huperzine A 的定量分析显示，检测到的含量与产品标签上的含量不符。消费者应该注意欺骗性的标签声明，并被警告不要购买含有潜在危险成分的产品。
