Department of Hematology and Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Oakland University, Royal Oak, MI.
Am J Clin Oncol. 2020 May;43(5):371-377. doi: 10.1097/COC.0000000000000669.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of plasma cells. Recently multiple new therapeutic options have been introduced which was able to improve overall survival but ultimately patient become refractory specifically in patients with poor cytogenetics. Therefore, novel therapeutic options like immunotherapy are needed to improve outcomes. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is immunotherapy in which T cell are genetically engineered against a tumor-specific antigen and transfused back to the patient to mount major histocompatibility complex-independent cancer-specific immune response. The success of CAR T-cell therapy in lymphoid malignancies encouraged its development in MM. Most of the clinical studies target B-cell maturation antigen in relapsed refractory MM and relapse is the major issue. In this article, we will present the basics of CAR T-cell therapy, the most recent clinical and preclinical data, and we will discuss the future therapeutic realm of CAR T cells in MM.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种不可治愈的浆细胞恶性肿瘤。最近引入了多种新的治疗方法，这些方法能够提高总体生存率，但最终患者会产生耐药性，特别是在细胞遗传学不良的患者中。因此，需要新的治疗方法，如免疫疗法，以改善结果。嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T 细胞疗法是一种免疫疗法，其中 T 细胞针对肿瘤特异性抗原进行基因工程改造，然后回输给患者，以产生主要组织相容性复合体非依赖性的肿瘤特异性免疫反应。CAR T 细胞疗法在淋巴恶性肿瘤中的成功促使其在 MM 中的发展。大多数临床研究针对复发难治性 MM 中的 B 细胞成熟抗原，复发是主要问题。在本文中，我们将介绍 CAR T 细胞疗法的基础知识、最新的临床和临床前数据，并讨论 CAR T 细胞在 MM 中的未来治疗领域。
