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低延迟卫星探测仪观测对区域数值天气预报中局地强风暴预报的影响

The Impact of Low Latency Satellite Sounder Observations on Local Severe Storm Forecasts in Regional NWP.

作者信息

Wang Pei, Li Jun, Schmit Timothy J

机构信息

Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

ASPB/CoRP, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, NOAA, Madison, WI 20740, USA.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2020 Jan 24;20(3):650. doi: 10.3390/s20030650.

DOI:10.3390/s20030650
PMID:31991595
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7038315/
Abstract

The forecasts of local severe storms (LSS) are highly dependent on how well the pre-convection environment is characterized in the numerical weather prediction (NWP) model analysis. The usefulness of the forecasts is highly dependent on how frequently the forecast is updated. Therefore, the data latency is critical for assimilation into regional NWP models for it to be able to assimilate more data within the data cut-off window. These low latency data can be obtained through direct broadcast sites and direct receiving systems. Observing system experiments (OSE) were performed to study the impact of data latency on the LSS forecasts. The experiments assimilated all existing observations including conventional data (from the global telecommunication system, GTS) and satellite sounder radiance data (AMSU-A (The Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A), ATMS (Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder), CrIS (Cross-track Infrared Sounder), and IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer)). They were carried out in a nested domain with a horizontal resolution of 9 km and 3 km in the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model. The forecast quality scores of the LSS precipitation forecasts were calculated and compared with different data cut-off widows to evaluate the impact of data latency. The results showed that low latency can lead to an improved and positive impact on precipitation and other forecasts, which indicates the potential application of LEO direct broadcast (DB) data in a high-resolution regional NWP for LSS forecasts.

摘要

局地强风暴（LSS）的预报高度依赖于数值天气预报（NWP）模型分析中对对流前环境的刻画程度。预报的有效性高度依赖于预报更新的频率。因此，数据延迟对于被同化到区域数值天气预报模型至关重要，以便它能够在数据截止窗口内同化更多数据。这些低延迟数据可通过直接广播站点和直接接收系统获得。进行了观测系统试验（OSE）来研究数据延迟对局地强风暴预报的影响。这些试验同化了所有现有观测数据，包括常规数据（来自全球电信系统，GTS）和卫星探测器辐射数据（先进微波探测器A（AMSU - A）、先进技术微波探测器（ATMS）、交叉轨迹红外探测器（CrIS）以及红外大气探测干涉仪（IASI））。试验在天气研究与预报（WRF）模型中一个水平分辨率为9千米和3千米的嵌套区域内进行。计算了局地强风暴降水预报的预报质量得分，并与不同的数据截止窗口进行比较，以评估数据延迟的影响。结果表明，低延迟可对降水及其他预报产生改善和积极的影响，这表明低地球轨道直接广播（DB）数据在用于局地强风暴预报的高分辨率区域数值天气预报中的潜在应用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5533/7038315/84e59a8c2c48/sensors-20-00650-g009.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5533/7038315/84e59a8c2c48/sensors-20-00650-g009.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5533/7038315/84e59a8c2c48/sensors-20-00650-g009.jpg

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