School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China.
Chemosphere. 2020 Mar;243:125405. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125405. Epub 2019 Nov 21.
To develop the microbial resources of the Yellow River, seven water samples were collected along the Lanzhou region of the river from upstream to downstream for testing. Analysis of various physico-chemical indexes was conducted, and key parameters influencing the water quality were selected through principal component analysis, after which the decisive factors impacting water quality were determined by correlation and regression analysis. The results indicated that (1) DO, NH-N, NO-N, TN, TC, As, Cr and Pb were the main physico-chemical factors influencing water quality in the Lanzhou region, with NH-N having the greatest effect. (2) Ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms [ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AMX)] were found to mediate the transformation of NH-N in the studied section. AOA was the primary microbe community among the two aerobic ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOA and AOB) in the Yellow River. (3) Phylogenetic analysis showed that there were some known groups, and there were still many unknown species in the water of the studied section, especially within the AMX population. (4) Correlation analysis revealed that AOA has strong adaptability to unhealthy environments, and that some environmental factors (higher concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and some heavy metals) could increase the AOA gene abundance. Overall, these results suggested there are rich ammonia-oxidizing microbial resources, especially AOA, in the Lanzhou section of the Yellow River, which have the potential for application in nitrogen sewage treatment.
为了开发黄河的微生物资源，从黄河上游的兰州地区到下游，共采集了 7 个水样进行检测。通过主成分分析对各种理化指标进行分析，选择关键参数影响水质，然后通过相关和回归分析确定影响水质的决定性因素。结果表明：（1）DO、NH4-N、NO3-N、TN、TC、As、Cr 和 Pb 是影响兰州地区水质的主要理化因素，其中 NH4-N 的影响最大。（2）在研究区域发现氨氧化微生物[氨氧化古菌（AOA）、氨氧化细菌（AOB）和厌氧氨氧化细菌（AMX）]介导 NH4-N 的转化。AOA 是黄河两种好氧氨氧化微生物（AOA 和 AOB）中的主要微生物群落。（3）系统发育分析表明，在研究区域的水样中存在一些已知的种群，还有许多未知的物种，特别是在 AMX 种群中。（4）相关分析表明 AOA 对不健康的环境具有很强的适应性，某些环境因素（较高浓度的碳、氮和一些重金属）可以增加 AOA 基因丰度。总体而言，这些结果表明黄河兰州段有丰富的氨氧化微生物资源，特别是 AOA，具有在氮污水处理中应用的潜力。
