Misawa M
Department of Applied Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan.
Jpn J Pharmacol. 1988 Sep;48(1):15-22. doi: 10.1254/jjp.48.15.
No good experimental model for studying rhinitis, has been hitherto available. In the present study, development of a new rhinitis model using chemical mediators was attempted, especially to establish an index of nasal congestion. Male Wistar rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital-Na. Nasal cavities were ventilated between both cannulae inserted into the nasopharynx and bilateral nostrils, with an artificial respirator. Intranasal resistance was recorded with a modification of a Konzett-Rössler apparatus as a change in ventilation overflow (VO). To provoke rhinitis, some mediators were inhaled into the nasal cavities with an ultrasonic nebulizer for 5 min. To assess the capillary permeability of the nasal mucosa, exudation of Evans blue was determined by injecting the dye before inhalations of mediators. Inhalation of histamine (0.01, 0.1, 0.3%), bradykinin (0.01, 0.1%) and ACh (0.3%) markedly increased VO, while inhalation of serotonin (0.01, 0.1, 0.3%) did not increase VO. Histamine, bradykinin and high concentration of ACh significantly increased the dye exudation in the nasal cavities, although serotonin did not. From the above results, it is concluded that 1) a new rhinitis model in which symptoms of nasal blockage and increased capillary permeability in nasal mucosa are quantitatively determined, was established, and 2) histamine- and bradykinin-inhalations can cause rhinitis-like symptoms, although serotonin-inhalation can not.
迄今为止，尚无用于研究鼻炎的良好实验模型。在本研究中，尝试利用化学介质建立一种新的鼻炎模型，尤其旨在建立鼻充血指标。雄性Wistar大鼠用戊巴比妥钠麻醉。通过插入鼻咽和双侧鼻孔的两个套管之间，使用人工呼吸器对鼻腔进行通气。用改良的Konzett-Rössler装置记录鼻内阻力，作为通气溢出（VO）的变化。为引发鼻炎，用超声雾化器将一些介质吸入鼻腔5分钟。为评估鼻黏膜的毛细血管通透性，在吸入介质前注射伊文思蓝染料，然后测定染料渗出情况。吸入组胺（0.01%、0.1%、0.3%）、缓激肽（0.01%、0.1%）和乙酰胆碱（0.3%）显著增加VO，而吸入5-羟色胺（0.01%、0.1%、0.3%）未增加VO。组胺、缓激肽和高浓度的乙酰胆碱显著增加鼻腔内染料渗出，而5-羟色胺则未增加。从上述结果得出结论：1）建立了一种新的鼻炎模型，可定量测定鼻阻塞症状和鼻黏膜毛细血管通透性增加情况；2）吸入组胺和缓激肽可引起类似鼻炎的症状，而吸入5-羟色胺则不能。
