Capacity for paediatric radiology in Nigeria: a survey of radiologists.

Children account for nearly half the population of Nigeria yet the capacity for effective imaging of children is unknown. In order to determine clinical resources for and challenges of paediatric radiology in Nigeria, certified radiologists at an exit examination in radiology for resident doctors, and resident doctors in radiology attending an update course, completed a semi-structured questionnaire detailing personal information, radiology training, practice and perceived priorities of paediatric radiology in Nigeria. Of 100 questionnaires, 80 were returned, completed (80%) by 46 (58%) certified radiologists, 14 (18%) senior and 20 (25%) junior radiology residents. Only 1 (2.2%) certified radiologist received dedicated albeit short training in paediatric radiology. Nine (20.0%) certified radiologists and 1 (2.9%) resident doctor target their practice to paediatric imaging. Only 2 (4.4%) certified radiologists devote at least half of their time to paediatric radiology. Forty-two (91%) of the certified radiologists are not aware of any radiologist primarily affiliated with a dedicated children's hospital or who practices in a dedicated paediatric unit of a mixed hospital. Eight (19%) radiologists work in a facility with a consultant who has some training in paediatric radiology. Surgeons (64%), neonatologists (53%) and neurologists (45%) were the other paediatric specialties usually available where the respondent works. Fourteen (4.9%), 4 (2.1%), and 1 (1.3%) ultrasound, X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) units, respectively, were reserved for paediatric imaging while no fluoroscopy or computed tomography (CT) unit was dedicated to children. Lack of dedicated equipment (44%) and trained paediatric radiologists (24%) were the main challenges to paediatric imaging as perceived by the respondents. Substantial deficits in human and material resources require informed investment in dedicated equipment and training to boost capacity for paediatric radiology in Nigeria.