Neter Judith E, Dijkstra S Coosje, Twisk Jos W R, Visser Marjolein, Brouwer Ingeborg A
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur J Nutr. 2020 Dec;59(8):3491-3501. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02182-8. Epub 2020 Jan 29.
Since food banks have a strong influence on recipients' diets, and seem to have difficulties in supporting healthy diets, improving the dietary quality of food parcels is important. The aim of our study was to assess whether improving the dietary quality of food parcels, using different strategies, can positively impact the actual dietary intake of Dutch food bank recipients.
This randomized cross-over controlled trial (Trial ID: ISRCTN40554133) with four intervention conditions [(1) Control (standard food parcel), (2) snacks (standard food parcel with replacement of unhealthy snacks by staple foods), (3) FV (standard food parcel plus the recommended daily amount of fruit and vegetables), (4) snacks + FV (standard food parcel with replacement of unhealthy snacks by staple foods plus the recommended daily amount of fruit and vegetables)] included 163 food bank recipients, from three food banks. At baseline, participants filled in a questionnaire. Dietary intake data were collected through 24-h recalls after both intervention conditions at 4 and 8 weeks follow-up. Primary outcome was daily fruit and vegetable intake, secondary outcomes were daily dietary intakes of food groups and nutrients.
Multi-level linear regression analysis, using a two-level model, showed a higher mean daily fruit intake in participants in the FV condition than in participants in the Control condition (delta (δ): 74 [40.3;107.6] g). Both mean daily fruit and vegetable intake were higher in participants in the Snacks + FV condition than in participants in the Control condition (fruit δ: 81.3 [56.5;106.2] g; vegetables δ: 46.2 [17.5;74.9] g), as well as in the Snacks condition (fruit δ: 70.0 [38.8;101.1] g; vegetables δ: 62.2 [26.2; 98.2] g).
This study shows that improving the dietary quality of food parcels can positively impact the dietary intake of Dutch food bank recipients. With this information we can further develop effective strategies that can be easily applied by food banks, to improve dietary intake of food bank recipients.
由于食品银行对受助者的饮食有很大影响，且在支持健康饮食方面似乎存在困难，因此提高食品包裹的饮食质量很重要。我们研究的目的是评估采用不同策略提高食品包裹的饮食质量是否能对荷兰食品银行受助者的实际饮食摄入量产生积极影响。
这项随机交叉对照试验（试验编号：ISRCTN40554133）有四种干预条件[（1）对照（标准食品包裹），（2）零食（标准食品包裹，用主食替代不健康零食），（3）水果和蔬菜（标准食品包裹加每日推荐量的水果和蔬菜），（4）零食 + 水果和蔬菜（标准食品包裹，用主食替代不健康零食加每日推荐量的水果和蔬菜）]，纳入了来自三个食品银行的163名食品银行受助者。在基线时，参与者填写了一份问卷。在4周和8周随访的两种干预条件后，通过24小时回顾法收集饮食摄入数据。主要结局是每日水果和蔬菜摄入量，次要结局是各类食物和营养素的每日饮食摄入量。
使用两级模型的多水平线性回归分析显示，水果和蔬菜干预条件下的参与者每日水果平均摄入量高于对照条件下的参与者（差值（δ）：74 [40.3；107.6] 克）。零食 + 水果和蔬菜干预条件下的参与者每日水果和蔬菜平均摄入量均高于对照条件下的参与者（水果差值：81.3 [56.5；106.2] 克；蔬菜差值：46.2 [17.5；74.9] 克），零食干预条件下也是如此（水果差值：70.0 [38.8；101.1] 克；蔬菜差值：62.2 [26.2；98.2] 克）。
本研究表明，提高食品包裹的饮食质量可对荷兰食品银行受助者的饮食摄入量产生积极影响。有了这些信息，我们可以进一步制定食品银行易于应用的有效策略，以改善食品银行受助者的饮食摄入。
