Faculty of Business and Economics, Department of Economics, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Apr;27(11):12449-12460. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-07821-5. Epub 2020 Jan 29.
In the new golden era, the financial catastrophe, energy consumption, and environmental contamination are seen as a vital economic concern. Review of empirical study between financial developments, with trade, and the consumption of energy on emissions of CO has revealed no consensus in the literature. Therefore, this research scrutinizes the inference of financial development, receptivity of trade, and the utilization of energy on the effusion of CO The present study adopts FMOLS {fully modified ordinary least squares} and DOLS {dynamic ordinary least squares} estimators to investigate the nexus between the outlined variables for the case of ten MENA countries for annual data from 1970 to 2017. The major findings provide proof of a negative linkage between financial development and that of CO emission. Hence, higher financial development in the region over time will lead to more reduction of CO emission. However, the trade receptivity and energy utilization result to positive remarkable influence on the effusion of CO. The major policy inference from this study is that expansion of trade or increase in trade openness as suggest by Environmental Kuznets curve phenomenon will reduce the emission of carbon in MENA region in the long run. Also, financial development causes a reduction in emission of carbon in the region. Thus, it is very essential for policymakers and government administrators of MENA countries to promote policies and activities that will enhance development financially and trade receptivity in the region. Energy consumption is found to increase the emission of carbon in the region; thus, there is need to ensure implementation of policies designed to secure efficient energy use and energy supply at the same actualizing the target of having supportable environment and enlargement of MENA nations' far-reaching projects in renewable energy.
在新的黄金时代，金融灾难、能源消耗和环境污染被视为一个至关重要的经济关注点。对金融发展与贸易和能源消费对 CO 排放之间的实证研究进行回顾后发现，文献中没有达成共识。因此，本研究考察了金融发展、贸易接受度和能源利用对 CO 排放的推断。本研究采用 FMOLS（完全修正的普通最小二乘法）和 DOLS（动态普通最小二乘法）估计量，调查了十个 MENA 国家的上述变量之间的关系，数据为 1970 年至 2017 年的年度数据。主要发现为金融发展与 CO 排放之间存在负相关关系提供了证据。因此，该地区随着时间的推移，金融发展水平的提高将导致 CO 排放的减少。然而，贸易接受度和能源利用对 CO 排放的显著影响呈正相关。本研究的主要政策推断是，贸易的扩大或贸易开放度的增加（如环境库兹涅茨曲线现象所表明的那样）将在长期内减少 MENA 地区的碳排放。此外，金融发展导致该地区碳排放减少。因此，MENA 国家的政策制定者和政府管理人员非常有必要推行政策和活动，以促进该地区的金融和贸易接受度发展。研究发现，能源消耗会增加该地区的碳排放；因此，有必要确保实施旨在确保高效能源利用和能源供应的政策，同时实现支持性环境和扩大 MENA 国家可再生能源深远项目的目标。
