Imko-Walczuk Beata, Roskosz-Stożkowska Magdalena, Szymańska Katarzyna, Kadylak Damian, Dębska-Ślizień Alicja
Dermatology and STD Outpatient Clinic, Copernicus Medical Centre, Gdansk, Poland.
Department of Dermatology, Copernicus Medical Centre, Gdansk, Poland.
Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2019 Dec;36(6):649-654. doi: 10.5114/ada.2019.82680. Epub 2019 Dec 30.
Skin cancer is the second most common complication of organ transplantation in children. The frequency of skin cancer incidence after organ transplantation is different in paediatric and adult populations. The post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease is the most common group of malignancies after organ transplantation in paediatric population. The majority of researchers who examined children with kidney, liver, heart or lungs grafts observed that the risk of skin cancer was three times higher than in the general population whereas in adults even200 times higher. The occurrence of skin cancer in children after transplantation is extremely rare during childhood. The risk increases in early adulthood. Malignancies occurring after solid organ transplantation result from many different factors. These include the immunological condition of the child, dose and time of immunosuppression, and oncogenic viruses. The increased risk of skin cancer following paediatric transplantation requires prevention and adequate education of children and their parents. These involve avoiding sun exposure and protection such as sunscreens and protective clothing. The early detection of cancer in transplant recipients is very important. Prevention of cancer includes regular dermatological examination.
皮肤癌是儿童器官移植的第二大常见并发症。儿童和成人器官移植后皮肤癌的发病率有所不同。移植后淋巴组织增生性疾病是儿童器官移植后最常见的恶性肿瘤类型。大多数研究肾脏、肝脏、心脏或肺移植儿童的研究人员发现，儿童皮肤癌的风险比普通人群高3倍，而在成人中甚至高200倍。儿童移植后皮肤癌在儿童期极为罕见。成年早期风险增加。实体器官移植后发生的恶性肿瘤由许多不同因素导致。这些因素包括儿童的免疫状况、免疫抑制的剂量和时间以及致癌病毒。儿童移植后皮肤癌风险增加需要对儿童及其父母进行预防和充分教育。这些措施包括避免阳光照射以及使用防晒霜和防护服等防护措施。移植受者癌症的早期检测非常重要。癌症预防包括定期进行皮肤科检查。
